Mathematical models of free kick and penalty in soccer

Doewes, Rumi Iqbal; Elumalai, Gunathevan; Azmi, Siti Hartini

doi:10.47974/JIM-1680

Open Access Research Article

Mathematical models of free kick and penalty in soccer

^*Rumi Iqbal DoewesCorresponding authorking.doewes@staff.uns.ac.idAffiliation 1Fakulti Sains Sukan dan KejurulatihanUniversiti Pendidikan Sultan IdrisPerak Darul Ridzuan, 35900, MalaysiaAffiliation 2Faculty of SportSebelas Maret UniversityIndonesiaView full profile → , Gunathevan ElumalaiFakulti Sains Sukan dan KejurulatihanUniversiti Pendidikan Sultan IdrisPerak Darul Ridzuan, 35900, MalaysiaView full profile → , Siti Hartini AzmiFakulti Sains Sukan dan KejurulatihanUniversiti Pendidikan Sultan IdrisPerak Darul Ridzuan, 35900, MalaysiaView full profile →

* Corresponding author · click or hover a name for details

pp. 543–550Vol. 26Issue 3April 2023DOI: 10.47974/JIM-1680XML

Published Online:: 01 Apr 2023
Article type:: Research Article
Language:: EN
Article no.:: JIM-1680
Pages:: 543–550

Abstract

This paper presents a mathematical model for free kick and penalty in Soccer. The modeling is done by assuming the ball moves inside the air fluid and takes into account the influence of the direction, speed, rotation, and the elevation angle of the ball with the ground, and gravitational acceleration of aerodynamic forces such as drag force and Magnus force. The results of this modeling can explain physically how a player can do a very spectacular free kick, the ball soars high over the posse and suddenly dips towards the goal. Moreover, if the player gets the optimal value of the components, goals can be scored from these shots.

Keywords

Mathematical model Free kick Penalty Ball motion Soccer

Subject Classifications

00A05 Mathematics in general00A27 Lists of open problems

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