Exploring Even-Even graceful labeling for product of star graphs

Dash, Sushree Shradhanjali; Behera, Amiya Kumar

doi:10.47974/JDMSC-2403

Open Access Research Article

Exploring Even-Even graceful labeling for product of star graphs

Sushree Shradhanjali Dashshradhanjalidash2000@gmail.comDepartment of Mathematics Siksha ‘O’ Anusandhan (Deemed to be University)Bhubaneswar, Odisha, 751030, IndiaView full profile → , ^*Amiya Kumar BeheraCorresponding authoramiyabehera@soa.ac.inDepartment of Mathematics Siksha ‘O’ Anusandhan (Deemed to be University)Bhubaneswar, Odisha, 751030, IndiaView full profile →

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pp. 2241–2249Vol. 29Issue 6June 2026DOI: 10.47974/JDMSC-2403 Crossmark XML

Received:: 01 Jan 2026
Published Online:: 20 Jun 2026
Article type:: Research Article
Language:: EN
Article no.:: JDMSC-2403
Pages:: 2241–2249

Abstract

An Even-Even graceful labeling involves assigning even labels to both vertices and edges in a graph. The goal is to create a labeling where vertex and edge labels are even integers, and the differences between vertex and edge labels form a set of consecutive positive even integers. This concept explores the relationship between numbers and graph structures and has potential applications in computer science, optimization, and network analysis. This paper demonstrates some new results on Even-Even graceful labeling of m star graphs for m = 4, 5, 6. Additionally, it is shown that double, triple, and quadruple extended star graphs are Even-Even graceful under certain conditions, as discussed in this paper.

Keywords

Graph labeling Graceful labeling Even-Even graceful labeling

Subject Classifications

05C7805C38

References

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