TARU PUBLICATIONS
Journal of Discrete Mathematical Sciences and Cryptography cover
Open Access ·Peer-reviewed·ISSN (Online): 2169-0065·ISSN (Print): 0972-0529

Monthly Journal: Publishes theoretical and applied research in all areas of Discrete Mathematical Sciences, Cryptography, Combinatorics, Elliptic Curves and Information Security.

Issues up to 2022 co-published with and available at:Taylor & Francis Online
submissions@tarupublications.com
Open Access Research Article

A derived mathematical MAC-generative network for restoration and detection of images

, * , ,

* Corresponding author · click or hover a name for details

pp. 1259–1270Vol. 27Issue 4June 2024DOI: 10.47974/JDMSC-1980 Crossmark XML
Published Online:
26 Jun 2024
Article type:
Research Article
Language:
EN
Article no.:
JDMSC-1980
Pages:
1259–1270

Abstract

Detecting and recognizing the license plates in hazy or foggy weather conditions is a challenging task. The paper derived a mathematical MAC-Generative Network (MAC-GN) using Unpaired Multi-head Attention mechanism based on CycleGAN. Unlike the basic generator architecture of cycleGAN, the derived MAC-GN adds a multi-head attention mechanism to the encoder and the decoder for generating new sample images. CycleGAN uses a cycle-consistency loss to enforce the mapping between the noisy and clear license plate images. The derived MAC-GN used patch GAN as discriminator system with the ability to generate high-quality, high-resolution images with fine details and textures. The MAC-GN is evaluated using three image quality assessment metrics: Peak signal-to-Noise Ratio, Structural Similarity Index Measure and Perception based Image Quality Evaluator. The experimental result shows that the derived MAC-GN generates a restored, haze free license plate images with a natural image view. The results have shown an improvement of 13.1% on PSNR and 10.12% on SSIM.

Keywords

Subject Classifications

Primary 68T07Secondary 68M25

References

[1] Agarwal, Parul, et al. “Implementing ALPR for detection of traffic violations: a step towards sustainability.” Procedia Computer Science 132 : 738-743 (2018). 
[2] kumar, Ashutosh, et al. “Deep learning based highway vehicles detection and counting system using computer vision” Journal of Information and Optimization Sciences, 44:5, 997–1008
[3] Silva, Sergio Montazzolli, and Claudio Rosito Jung. ”License plate detection and recognition in unconstrained scenarios.” Proceedings of the European conference on computer vision (ECCV) (2018).
[4] He, Kaiming, Jian Sun, and Xiaoou Tang. “Single image haze removal using dark channel prior.” IEEE transactions on pattern analysis and machine intelligence 33.12 : 2341-2353 (2010). 
[5] Tan, Robby T. “Visibility in bad weather from a single image.” 2008 IEEE conference on computer vision and pattern recognition. IEEE, (2008).
[6] Liu, Zheng, et al. “Single image dehazing with a generic model-agnostic convolutional neural network.” IEEE Signal Processing Letters 26.6 : 833-837 (2019).
[7] Goodfellow, Ian, et al. “Generative adversarial networks.” Communications of the ACM 63.11 : 139-144 (2020).
[8] Sachar, Silky, and Anuj Kumar. “DCGAN-based deep learning approach for medicinal leaf identification.”
[9] Ashish, Vaswani. “Attention is all you need.” arXiv preprint arXiv: 1706.03762 (2017).
[10] Liang, Meiyan, et al. “Multi-scale self-attention generative adversarial network for pathology image restoration.” The Visual Computer 39.9 : 4305-4321 (2023).
[11] Kim, Hwajoon. “The definition of convolution in deep learning by using matrix.” Journal of Engineering and Applied Sciences 14.7 : 2272-2275 (2019).
[12] Bahdanau, Dzmitry, Kyunghyun Cho, and Yoshua Bengio. “Neural machine translation by jointly learning to align and translate.” arXiv preprint arXiv:1409.0473 (2014). 
[13] Isola, Phillip, et al. “Image-to-image translation with conditional adversarial networks.” Proceedings of the IEEE conference on computer vision and pattern recognition (2017).
[15] Pan, Yue, et al. “FDPPGAN: remote sensing image fusion based on deep perceptual patchGAN.” Neural Computing and Applications 33 : 9589-9605 (2021). 
[16] O-HAZE: a dehazing benchmark with real hazy and haze-free outdoor images [online] (accessed 1 October 2023). https://data.vision.ee.ethz.ch/cvl/ntire18//o-haze/ 
[17] I-HAZE: a dehazing benchmark with real hazy and haze-free indoor images [online] (accessed 1 October 2023). https://data.vision.ee.ethz.ch/cvl/ntire18//i-haze/ 
[18] Sharma, Divya; Sharma, Shilpa; Bhatnagar, Vaibhav, “Foggy-Hazy License Plates Images”, Mendeley Data, V1 (2023), doi: 10.17632/p3jr4555tf.1
[19] Saxena, Sameer, et al. “Comparative analysis between different edge detection techniques on mammogram images using PSNR and MSE.” Journal of Information and Optimization Sciences 43.2 : 347-356 (2022).

Views: 215Downloads: 6Citations: 0