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<article article-type="Research Article">
  <front>
    <journal-meta>
      <journal-id journal-id-type="publisher">journal-of-discrete-mathematical-sciences-and-cryptography</journal-id>
      <journal-title-group>
        <journal-title>Journal of Discrete Mathematical Sciences and Cryptography</journal-title>
      </journal-title-group>
      <issn publication-format="electronic">2169-0065</issn>
      <issn publication-format="print">0972-0529</issn>
      <publisher>
        <publisher-name>Taru Publications</publisher-name>
      </publisher>
    </journal-meta>
    <article-meta>
      <article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.47974/JDMSC-1980</article-id>
      <title-group>
        <article-title>A derived mathematical MAC-generative network for restoration and detection of images</article-title>
      </title-group>
      <contrib-group>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Sharma</surname>
            <given-names>Divya</given-names>
          </name>
          <aff>Department of Computer Applications, Manipal University Jaipur, Jaipur, Rajasthan, 303007, India</aff>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes">
          <name>
            <surname>Sharma</surname>
            <given-names>Shilpa</given-names>
          </name>
          <aff>Department of Computer Applications, Manipal University Jaipur, Jaipur, Rajasthan, 303007, India</aff>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Bhatnagar</surname>
            <given-names>Vaibhav</given-names>
          </name>
          <aff>Department of Computer Applications, Manipal University Jaipur, Jaipur, Rajasthan, 303007, India</aff>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Patil</surname>
            <given-names>Harshal</given-names>
          </name>
          <aff>Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Balaji Institute of Technology &amp; Management (BITM), Sri Balaji University, Pune, Maharashtra, India</aff>
        </contrib>
      </contrib-group>
      <volume>27</volume>
      <issue>4</issue>
      <fpage>1259</fpage>
      <lpage>1270</lpage>
      <pub-date date-type="pub">
        <day>26</day>
        <month>06</month>
        <year>2024</year>
      </pub-date>
      <abstract>
        <p>Detecting and recognizing the license plates in hazy or foggy weather conditions is a challenging task. The paper derived a mathematical MAC-Generative Network (MAC-GN) using Unpaired Multi-head Attention mechanism based on CycleGAN. Unlike the basic generator architecture of cycleGAN, the derived MAC-GN adds a multi-head attention mechanism to the encoder and the decoder for generating new sample images. CycleGAN uses a cycle-consistency loss to enforce the mapping between the noisy and clear license plate images. The derived MAC-GN used patch GAN as discriminator system with the ability to generate high-quality, high-resolution images with fine details and textures. The MAC-GN is evaluated using three image quality assessment metrics: Peak signal-to-Noise Ratio, Structural Similarity Index Measure and Perception based Image Quality Evaluator. The experimental result shows that the derived MAC-GN generates a restored, haze free license plate images with a natural image view. The results have shown an improvement of 13.1% on PSNR and 10.12% on SSIM.</p>
      </abstract>
      <kwd-group>
        <kwd>License plate recognition</kwd>
        <kwd>Cycle GAN</kwd>
        <kwd>Generator</kwd>
        <kwd>Discriminator</kwd>
        <kwd>Attention layer</kwd>
        <kwd>U-Net</kwd>
        <kwd>Patch GAN</kwd>
      </kwd-group>
      <custom-meta-group>
        <custom-meta>
          <meta-name>access</meta-name>
          <meta-value>open</meta-value>
        </custom-meta>
        <custom-meta>
          <meta-name>retracted</meta-name>
          <meta-value>no</meta-value>
        </custom-meta>
      </custom-meta-group>
    </article-meta>
  </front>
</article>
