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Journal of Information and Optimization Sciences

(Since 1980)
Open Access ·Peer-reviewed·ISSN (Online): 2169-0103·ISSN (Print): 0252-2667

WoS  JIF 2026 : 0.4 (Q4)

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Monthly Journal: Publishes theoretical and applied research on topics in information and optimization sciences.

Issues up to 2022 co-published with and available at:Taylor & Francis
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Journal of Information and Optimization Sciences
Open Access Research Article

Model of optimal control strategies for the transmission of diphtheria

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pp. 907–939Vol. 47Issue 3March 2026DOI: 10.47974/JIOS-1587XML
Received:
13 Sep 2023
Published Online:
03 Feb 2025
Article type:
Research Article
Language:
EN
Article no.:
JIOS-1587
Pages:
907–939

Abstract

This research introduced an extensive mathematical model to capture the dynamics of diphtheria transmission. The study examined the interaction of five control measures viz: routine diphtheria vaccination, often administered with tetanus and pertussis vaccines; interventions for symptomatic to isolated treatment transitions; collaborative efforts addressing asymptomatic to home quarantine transitions; surveillance measures for home quarantine to isolated treatment transitions; and vigilance to detect cases in individuals exposed to symptomatic cases. We established the epidemiological viability of the model by proving, among others, its positivity, equilibrium under endemic conditions, equilibrium in the absence of disease, global and local stability and boundedness. Also the sensitivity analysis of the model highlighted the importance of the important variables in influencing disease occurrence and spread. In addition, the control measures significantly impact virus transmission dynamics, and results from simulations demonstrated that combination of these control strategies effectively flattened the curve of diphtheria transmission. These findings provided healthcare professionals and policymakers with valuable insights into crucial measures for eradicating diphtheria from the population.

Keywords

Mathematical modelDiphtheriaCorynabacterium diphtheriaeOptimal controlDisease free equilibrium (DFE)Global stabilityReproduction number

Subject Classifications

92B05 General biology and biomathematics62P10 Applications to biology and medical sciences

References

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