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Journal of Information and Optimization Sciences

(Since 1980)
Hybrid ·Peer-reviewed·ISSN (Online): 2169-0103·ISSN (Print): 0252-2667

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Monthly Journal: Publishes theoretical and applied research on topics in information and optimization sciences.

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Journal of Information and Optimization Sciences
Open Access Research Article

A mathematical model for COVID-19 transmission : The effects of the presymptomatic infectious individuals and the infectivity factor on the dynamics of the infection

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pp. 2085–2109Vol. 46Issue 7October 2025DOI: 10.47974/JIOS-1504XML
Received:
12 Oct 2021
Published Online:
03 Feb 2025
Article type:
Research Article
Language:
EN
Article no.:
JIOS-1504
Pages:
2085–2109

Abstract

Recent studies affirmatively revealed that infectious cases of the virus are not restricted to asymptomatic and symptomatic. There is an infectious class – the presymptomatic infectious individuals, a non-trivial infectious case which has posed more threat to humanity. These individuals’ symptoms are delayed due to their intermediate immune system and then become a threat to the population after 21 days of the incubation period. In this study, we proposed 7-dimensional nonlinear ordinary differential equations of the form SEIsIaIpTR which incorporate the presymptomatic infectious individuals and then considered the effect of infectivity factors on all forms of infectious status to emphasize the presymptomatic individuals cannot be ignored in the treatment of infected individuals. The non-negativity and boundedness of the dynamical system were at all-time proved to be true. Also, the endemic and disease-free points of equilibrium were detremined to be locally and globally asymptotically stabled. The dynamical behaviors are succinctly conducted with the use of MATLAB.

Keywords

COVID-19PresymptomaticSymptomaticAsymptomaticInfectivity factors

Subject Classifications

92B0592D3093D05

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