Mathematical modelling of ventilation–perfusion mismatch in lung function
Payal Singhpayal.singh2875@paruluniversity.ac.inDepartment of Applied Sciences and HumanitiesFaculty of Engineering & TechnologyParul UniversityVadodara, Gujarat, 391760, IndiaView full profile → , *Sachin PawarCorresponding authordrsachinpawar5@gmail.comDepartment of Plastic and Reconstructive SurgeryKrishna Institute of Medical SciencesKrishna Vishwa Vidyapeeth (Deemed to be University)Karad, Maharashtra, 415539, IndiaView full profile → , Vinay Kumar Sadolalu Boregowdasb.vinaykumar@jainuniversity.ac.inDepartment of Electronics and Communication EngineeringFaculty of Engineering and TechnologyJAIN (Deemed-to-be University)Bangalore, Karnataka, 562112, IndiaView full profile → , Aashim Dhawanaashim.dhawan.orp@chitkara.edu.inCentre of Research Impact and Outcome (CRIO)Chitkara UniversityRajpura, Punjab, 140417, IndiaView full profile → , Farhat Anjumfarhat.anjum@rungta.orgSchool of Computer Science and EngineeringRungta College of Engineering and TechnologyRungta International Skills UniversityBhilai, Chhattisgarh, 490024, IndiaView full profile → , Bobojonova Khulkar Madrahimovnabobojonovaxulkar@gmail.comDepartment of BiologyUrgench State UniversityUrgench, 220100, UzbekistanView full profile → , Dilnoza Aminovadilnoza_aminova@tues.uzDepartment of Pedagogy and PsixologyTermez University of Economics and ServiceTermez, UzbekistanView full profile →
* Corresponding author · click or hover a name for details
- Received:
- 01 Apr 2026
- Published Online:
- 27 Oct 2026
- Article type:
- Research Article
- Language:
- EN
- Article no.:
- JIM-2806
- Pages:
- 2891–2904
Abstract
Impaired pulmonary gas exchange in respiratory diseases is caused by a large extent by the physiological mechanism of ventilation–perfusion (V/Q) mismatch. This study is aimed at developing a mathematical modelling framework to quantify regional ventilation, pulmonary perfusion and oxygen transport by coupled nonlinear differential equations. A novel model called Adaptive Ventilation–Perfusion Coupling Model (AVPCM) is proposed which is numerically solved using the Finite Difference Method (FDM) with an implicit Crank–Nicolson time integration scheme, which guarantees stability and accuracy of the calculations. The accuracy at which the simulation results achieved prediction of V/Q mismatch (92.8%), estimation of oxygen saturation (91.3%), prediction of the regional ventilation (89.7%) and the mean prediction error (13.5%) were lower than that of a conventional compartmental model. The framework is physiologically consistent, numerically stable and efficient in terms of computational resources, thus supporting the mathematical modeling of respiratory diseases and the assessment of pulmonary function in patients.
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References
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