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Open Access ·Peer-reviewed·ISSN (Online): 2169-012X·ISSN (Print): 0972-0502

Freq.: MONTHLY - Publishes the methodological and theoretical role of mathematics and mathematical applications underpinning scientific research.

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Open Access Research Article

A structured mathematical approach to improving gastrointestinal disease classification with transfer learning

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pp. 2071–2078Vol. 28Issue 6September 2025DOI: 10.47974/JIM-2348XML
Received:
17 Dec 2024
Published Online:
30 Sep 2025
Article type:
Research Article
Language:
EN
Article no.:
JIM-2348
Pages:
2071–2078

Abstract

The integration of AI into medical diagnostics has transformed the detection of gastrointestinal diseases. In this study, we develop a clear mathematical framework for classifying multiple GI conditions. We extend the GastroVision dataset by adding three specific classes—Inflammatory Conditions, Neoplastic Growths and Interventional Findings—and employ three state-of-the-art transfer-learning models (EfficientNetV2, Vision Transformer and Swin Transformer). Outputs from these models are combined using a stacking ensemble; we apply standard data-augmentation techniques and systematically tune each model’s parameters to maximize performance. Our ensemble achieved an overall accuracy of 94.8%, with precision at 92.3%, recall at 93.7% and an F1-score of 93.0%, exceeding current benchmarks. Performance was strong across all categories, with the highest accuracy of 96.1% on Neoplastic Growths. These results demonstrate both the mathematical soundness and practical value of our approach. By linking rigorous model development to clinical applications, this work provides a reliable, extensible framework for deploying AI in complex diagnostic settings and has the potential to improve patient outcomes.

Keywords

Subject Classifications

68T07

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