This study examines the potential of Inclusive Business Models (IBMs) to address global inequality by integrating marginalized populations including low-income communities, women, ethnic minorities, and persons with disabilities into economic value chains. Drawing on an extensive literature review, including secondary evidence covering over 1,000 companies across 15 countries, we propose a four-pillar conceptual framework encompassing Stakeholder Integration, Equitable Value Distribution, Risk and Resilience Sharing, and Innovation for Inclusion. Empirical evidence shows that gender- and ethnicity-diverse firms are 25–36% more likely to outperform peers on profitability. Persistent challenges include inequitable benefit distribution, neglect of the most vulnerable groups, and unintended environmental consequences. Recommendations are advanced for practitioners, policymakers, and future researchers, aligned with UN Sustainable Development Goals 8 and 10.