<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<article article-type="Research Article">
  <front>
    <journal-meta>
      <journal-id journal-id-type="publisher">journal-of-statistics-and-management-systems</journal-id>
      <journal-title-group>
        <journal-title> Journal of Statistics and Management Systems</journal-title>
      </journal-title-group>
      <issn publication-format="electronic">2169-0014</issn>
      <issn publication-format="print">0972-0510</issn>
      <publisher>
        <publisher-name>Taru Publications</publisher-name>
      </publisher>
    </journal-meta>
    <article-meta>
      <article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.47974/JSMS-1315</article-id>
      <title-group>
        <article-title>Federated learning for brain tumor segmentation and classification : A statistical approach</article-title>
      </title-group>
      <contrib-group>
        <contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes">
          <name>
            <surname>Nadarajan</surname>
            <given-names>Sivakumar</given-names>
          </name>
          <aff>Muma College of Business, Florida 8350 N. Tamiami Trail Sarasota, University of South Florida, Florida, FL 34243, U.S.A.</aff>
          <aff>Department of Computer Science and Information Technology, JAIN (Deemed-to-be University), Bengaluru, Karnataka, 560069, India</aff>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Unhelkar</surname>
            <given-names>Bhuvan</given-names>
          </name>
          <aff>Muma College of Business, 8350 N. Tamiami Trail Sarasota, University of South Florida, Florida, FL 34243, U.S.A.</aff>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Shankar</surname>
            <given-names>S. Siva</given-names>
          </name>
          <aff>Department of Computer Science and Engineering, KG Reddy College of Engineering and Technology, Hyderabad, Telangana, 500075, India</aff>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Chakrabarti</surname>
            <given-names>Tulika</given-names>
          </name>
          <aff>Department of Chemistry, Sir Padampat Singhania University, Udaipur, Rajasthan, 313601, India</aff>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Chakrabarti</surname>
            <given-names>Prasun</given-names>
          </name>
          <aff>Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Sir Padampat Singhania University, Udaipur, Rajasthan, 313601, India</aff>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Sivaneasan</surname>
            <given-names>B.</given-names>
          </name>
          <aff>Specialist Adult Educator Engineering, Electrical Power Engineering Programme, 1 Punggol Coast Road, Singapore Institute of Technology, 828608, Singapore</aff>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Margala</surname>
            <given-names>Martin</given-names>
          </name>
          <aff>School of Computing and Informatics, University of Louisiana at Lafayette, LA 70503, U.S.A.</aff>
        </contrib>
      </contrib-group>
      <volume>28</volume>
      <issue>1</issue>
      <fpage>67</fpage>
      <lpage>77</lpage>
      <pub-date date-type="pub">
        <day>15</day>
        <month>01</month>
        <year>2025</year>
      </pub-date>
      <abstract>
        <p>Enhancing the chances of survival for cancer patients requires early brain tumour identification. This study suggests a federated learning-based method to deal with classification problems caused by overfitting. With the use of the BRATS 2019 and 2020 datasets, the method successfully divides and categorises brain tumours. Data preprocessing involves min-max normalization, followed by CNN segmentation from MRI images. Extracted features undergo shape, texture, and Resnet-50-based feature extraction. These features are then inputted into an LSTM classifier, utilizing Federated Learning for improved classification. Findings indicate that the suggested FL utilizing the CNN-LSTM model outperforms other techniques like U-net and ensemble models, achieving high accuracy: 99.59% on BRATS 2019 and 99.61% on BRATS 2020 datasets.</p>
      </abstract>
      <kwd-group>
        <kwd>Brain tumor</kwd>
        <kwd>CNN</kwd>
        <kwd>Federated learning (FL)</kwd>
        <kwd>LSTM</kwd>
        <kwd>Magnetic resonance images</kwd>
        <kwd>Statistical approach</kwd>
        <kwd>Applied statistics</kwd>
      </kwd-group>
      <custom-meta-group>
        <custom-meta>
          <meta-name>access</meta-name>
          <meta-value>open</meta-value>
        </custom-meta>
        <custom-meta>
          <meta-name>retracted</meta-name>
          <meta-value>no</meta-value>
        </custom-meta>
      </custom-meta-group>
    </article-meta>
  </front>
</article>
