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<article article-type="Research Article">
  <front>
    <journal-meta>
      <journal-id journal-id-type="publisher">journal-of-statistics-and-management-systems</journal-id>
      <journal-title-group>
        <journal-title> Journal of Statistics and Management Systems</journal-title>
      </journal-title-group>
      <issn publication-format="electronic">2169-0014</issn>
      <issn publication-format="print">0972-0510</issn>
      <publisher>
        <publisher-name>Taru Publications</publisher-name>
      </publisher>
    </journal-meta>
    <article-meta>
      <article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.47974/JSMS-1030</article-id>
      <title-group>
        <article-title>Deep learning based bi-polar sentiment classification of movie reviews in Hindi</article-title>
      </title-group>
      <contrib-group>
        <contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes">
          <name>
            <surname>Sharma</surname>
            <given-names>Ankita</given-names>
          </name>
          <aff>University School of Information, Communication and Technology, Guru Gobind Singh Indraprastha University, Sector – 16C, Dwarka, New Delhi, 110078, India</aff>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Ghose</surname>
            <given-names>Udayan</given-names>
          </name>
          <aff>University School of Information, Communication and Technology, Guru Gobind Singh Indraprastha University, Sector – 16C, Dwarka, New Delhi, 110078, India</aff>
        </contrib>
      </contrib-group>
      <volume>27</volume>
      <issue>1</issue>
      <fpage>59</fpage>
      <lpage>86</lpage>
      <pub-date date-type="pub">
        <day>08</day>
        <month>01</month>
        <year>2024</year>
      </pub-date>
      <abstract>
        <p>With evolving technology, Hindi web content is growing considerably and catching popularity as the larger audience feels more connected and heard using their native language. A volcanic growth in online movie reviews (MRs) in Hindi has been observed lately; manually analyzing them is impossible. Hence, the research problem of automatic organization and classification of Hindi reviews is apparent as this can help viewers decide whether a movie is worth watching or not. This work focuses on developing a deep learning-based system for bi-polar sentiment classification of MRs for resource deficient language – Hindi. To this end, a primary Hindi movie review (MR) corpus is made and manually annotated with binary polarity class labels - positive or negative. The corpus is preprocessed using the preprocessing steps, and Random Word Embeddings (WEs) are utilized for feature extraction. This paper proposes an ensemble CNN_BiGRU, which is an integration of 1D CNN with BiGRU for the bipolar classification of Hindi MRs. To prove our ensemble’s efficacy; other widely used mainstream deep learning models (DLMs) such as Convolutional Neural Network (CNN), Recurrent Neural Network (RNN) based models – Gated Recurrent Unit (GRU), Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM), are also applied and compared with proposed ensemble using average classification accuracy. Empirical results show the effectiveness of the proposed ensemble in achieving a reasonably good average accuracy of 89.366%. The results indicate that proposed CNN_BiGRU compares favorably to the state-of-the-art DLMs applied and hence gives an effective solution for sentence-level bi-polar classification of MRs in a resource deficient scenario.</p>
      </abstract>
      <kwd-group>
        <kwd>Deep learning</kwd>
        <kwd>Ensemble</kwd>
        <kwd>Hindi</kwd>
        <kwd>Sentiment classification</kwd>
        <kwd>Word embeddings</kwd>
      </kwd-group>
      <custom-meta-group>
        <custom-meta>
          <meta-name>access</meta-name>
          <meta-value>open</meta-value>
        </custom-meta>
        <custom-meta>
          <meta-name>retracted</meta-name>
          <meta-value>no</meta-value>
        </custom-meta>
      </custom-meta-group>
    </article-meta>
  </front>
</article>
