<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<article article-type="Research Article">
  <front>
    <journal-meta>
      <journal-id journal-id-type="publisher">journal-of-information-and-optimization-sciences</journal-id>
      <journal-title-group>
        <journal-title>Journal of Information and Optimization Sciences</journal-title>
      </journal-title-group>
      <issn publication-format="electronic">2169-0103</issn>
      <issn publication-format="print">0252-2667</issn>
      <publisher>
        <publisher-name>Taru Publications</publisher-name>
      </publisher>
    </journal-meta>
    <article-meta>
      <article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.47974/JIOS-2331</article-id>
      <title-group>
        <article-title>Energy harvesting enabled cryptographically secure MAC design for IEEE 802.15.6 WBANs</article-title>
      </title-group>
      <contrib-group>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Shukla</surname>
            <given-names>Anita</given-names>
          </name>
          <aff>Department of Basic Sciences &amp; Humanities, Pranveer Singh Institute of Technology, Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh, 209305, India</aff>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes">
          <name>
            <surname>Jain</surname>
            <given-names>Ankit</given-names>
          </name>
          <aff>Department of Electronics &amp; Communication Engineering, Pranveer Singh Institute of Technology, Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh, 209305, India</aff>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Khoria</surname>
            <given-names>Sneha</given-names>
          </name>
          <aff>Department of Computer Science &amp; Engineering, Pranveer Singh Institute of Technology, Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh, 209305, India</aff>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Singh</surname>
            <given-names>Hema</given-names>
          </name>
          <aff>Department of Basic Sciences &amp; Humanities, Pranveer Singh Institute of Technology, Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh, 209305, India</aff>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Kumar</surname>
            <given-names>Awanit</given-names>
          </name>
          <aff>Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Career Point University, Kota, Rajasthan, 325003, India</aff>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Maheshwari</surname>
            <given-names>Rohit</given-names>
          </name>
          <aff>Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Career Point University, Kota, Rajasthan, 325003, India</aff>
        </contrib>
      </contrib-group>
      <volume>47</volume>
      <issue>7</issue>
      <fpage>2771</fpage>
      <lpage>2778</lpage>
      <pub-date date-type="pub">
        <day>31</day>
        <month>07</month>
        <year>2026</year>
      </pub-date>
      <abstract>
        <p>Wireless Body Area Network (WBAN) uses Cryptographic Security for the protection of sensitive information stored and transmitted between body-worn devices (i.e. medical devices). Although Cryptographic Security is important, the WBAN needs to provide a reliable method of communicating and an efficient method of consuming energy in order to provide next-generation healthcare and wearable technologies, especially within the Medical/Nursing Industry, as well as assistive technology, such as sports monitoring solutions. Recently, continued advancements within the area of Energy Harvesting Technologies have enabled the WBAN to provide sustainable operation through the use of Energy Harvesting from Body Motion, Heat, and/or Ambient Sources, thereby extending the lifetime of a WBAN Network. Due to the random availability of harvested energy, however, IEEE 802.15.6 MAC protocol performance is impacted due to its emphasis on using a back-off strategy when “saturated.” This paper presents Discrete-Time Markov Chain (DTMC) Analytical Model for performance assessment of cryptographically protected IEEE 802.15.6 MAC protocols operating in Energy Harvesting WBANs. The Analytical Model was developed to include MAC Back-off behavior and the cryptographic processing overhead of the MAC protocol.</p>
      </abstract>
      <kwd-group>
        <kwd>Cryptographic security</kwd>
        <kwd>Wireless body area networks (WBAN)</kwd>
        <kwd>IEEE 802.15.6</kwd>
        <kwd>Energy harvesting</kwd>
        <kwd>Discrete-time markov chain (DTMC)</kwd>
        <kwd>MAC protocol</kwd>
        <kwd>Performance analysis</kwd>
      </kwd-group>
      <custom-meta-group>
        <custom-meta>
          <meta-name>access</meta-name>
          <meta-value>open</meta-value>
        </custom-meta>
        <custom-meta>
          <meta-name>retracted</meta-name>
          <meta-value>no</meta-value>
        </custom-meta>
      </custom-meta-group>
    </article-meta>
  </front>
</article>
