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<article article-type="Research Article">
  <front>
    <journal-meta>
      <journal-id journal-id-type="publisher">journal-of-information-and-optimization-sciences</journal-id>
      <journal-title-group>
        <journal-title>Journal of Information and Optimization Sciences</journal-title>
      </journal-title-group>
      <issn publication-format="electronic">2169-0103</issn>
      <issn publication-format="print">0252-2667</issn>
      <publisher>
        <publisher-name>Taru Publications</publisher-name>
      </publisher>
    </journal-meta>
    <article-meta>
      <article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.47974/JIOS-2298</article-id>
      <title-group>
        <article-title>Fuzzy set theory in multi-criteria engineering decision making</article-title>
      </title-group>
      <contrib-group>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Nitin</surname>
            <given-names>Zaware Sarika</given-names>
          </name>
          <aff>Department of Computer Engineering, AISSMS Institute of Information Technology, Pune, Maharashtra, 411001, India</aff>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Shelar</surname>
            <given-names>Pooja Ashok</given-names>
          </name>
          <aff>Department of Artificial Intelligence &amp; Data Science, Vishwakarma Institute of Technology, Pune, Maharashtra, 411037, India</aff>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes">
          <name>
            <surname>Sharma</surname>
            <given-names>Deepika</given-names>
          </name>
          <aff>Department of Computer Science, Noida International University, Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh, 203201, India</aff>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Dhanalakshmi</surname>
            <given-names>V.</given-names>
          </name>
          <aff>Department of Computer Science, Meenakshi College of Arts and Science, Meenakshi Academy of Higher Education and Research, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, 600078, India</aff>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Ikhar</surname>
            <given-names>Sharyu</given-names>
          </name>
          <aff>Researcher Connect Innovations and Impact Private Limited, Nagpur, Maharashtra, 440027, India</aff>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Nagargoje</surname>
            <given-names>Yogesh</given-names>
          </name>
          <aff>Researcher Connect Innovation and Impact Private Limited, Pune, Maharashtra, 411045, India</aff>
        </contrib>
      </contrib-group>
      <volume>47</volume>
      <issue>5-B</issue>
      <fpage>2075</fpage>
      <lpage>2082</lpage>
      <pub-date date-type="pub">
        <day>23</day>
        <month>04</month>
        <year>2026</year>
      </pub-date>
      <abstract>
        <p>With the incorporation of fuzzy set theory into Multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM), the engineers have modified how they make decisions in consideration of uncertainty and imprecision. Where emotional considerations come into play together with numerical considerations in a given real life problem, a conventional decision making process does not apply well. At the time when Zadeh invented the fuzzy set theory, fuzzy set could handle vague and incomplete data and hence it is highly applicable in engineering. When we do not know what will happen, Fuzzy Analytic Hierarchy Process (FAHP) and the Fuzzy Technique of Order Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution (Fuzzy TOPSIS) simplify the process of comparison and ranking of options. The paper examines such approaches and provides an explanation and examples mathematically and in the field of engineering.</p>
      </abstract>
      <kwd-group>
        <kwd>Fuzzy set theory</kwd>
        <kwd>Multi-criteria decision-making</kwd>
        <kwd>FAHP</kwd>
        <kwd>Fuzzy TOPSIS</kwd>
        <kwd>Uncertainty</kwd>
        <kwd>Engineering decision-making</kwd>
      </kwd-group>
      <custom-meta-group>
        <custom-meta>
          <meta-name>access</meta-name>
          <meta-value>open</meta-value>
        </custom-meta>
        <custom-meta>
          <meta-name>retracted</meta-name>
          <meta-value>no</meta-value>
        </custom-meta>
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    </article-meta>
  </front>
</article>
