<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<article article-type="Research Article">
  <front>
    <journal-meta>
      <journal-id journal-id-type="publisher">journal-of-information-and-optimization-sciences</journal-id>
      <journal-title-group>
        <journal-title>Journal of Information and Optimization Sciences</journal-title>
      </journal-title-group>
      <issn publication-format="electronic">2169-0103</issn>
      <issn publication-format="print">0252-2667</issn>
      <publisher>
        <publisher-name>Taru Publications</publisher-name>
      </publisher>
    </journal-meta>
    <article-meta>
      <article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.47974/JIOS-2077</article-id>
      <title-group>
        <article-title>Testing the long run relation between health investments and economic growth in India</article-title>
      </title-group>
      <contrib-group>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Gaddam</surname>
            <given-names>Rohin</given-names>
          </name>
          <aff>School of Liberal Arts &amp; Humanities, Woxsen University, Sangareddy, Telangana, 502345, India</aff>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes">
          <name>
            <surname>Ali</surname>
            <given-names>Mohd Shahid</given-names>
          </name>
          <aff>School of Management, IILM University, Gurugram, Haryana, 122011, India</aff>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Siriman</surname>
            <given-names>Naveen</given-names>
          </name>
          <aff>School of Liberal Arts &amp; Humanities, Woxsen University, Sangareddy, Telangana, 502345, India</aff>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Rao</surname>
            <given-names>K. Ramachandra</given-names>
          </name>
          <aff>School of Economics, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad, Telangana, 500046, India</aff>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Hayat</surname>
            <given-names>Mohsina</given-names>
          </name>
          <aff>School of Commerce, Jain (Deemed to be) University, Bangalore, Karnataka, India</aff>
        </contrib>
      </contrib-group>
      <volume>46</volume>
      <issue>8</issue>
      <fpage>2533</fpage>
      <lpage>2543</lpage>
      <pub-date date-type="pub">
        <day>29</day>
        <month>11</month>
        <year>2025</year>
      </pub-date>
      <abstract>
        <p>The current study investigates the validity of health led growth hypothesis in India by checking the existence of relationship between health investments and economic growth. For the purpose, data on healthcare expenditures of both private and public sectors were collected for a period of 1980 to 2020 along with the GDP data for the same time period. An ARDL model was used to check for the relationship. Findings suggest that private healthcare investments have insignificant impact on growth while public healthcare has a significant positive impact on the growth, suggesting the importance of prioritising healthcare investment to foster economic progress.</p>
      </abstract>
      <kwd-group>
        <kwd>Health-led growth hypothesis</kwd>
        <kwd>Health expenditures</kwd>
        <kwd>GDP</kwd>
        <kwd>Cointegration analysis</kwd>
        <kwd>ARDL</kwd>
      </kwd-group>
      <custom-meta-group>
        <custom-meta>
          <meta-name>access</meta-name>
          <meta-value>open</meta-value>
        </custom-meta>
        <custom-meta>
          <meta-name>retracted</meta-name>
          <meta-value>no</meta-value>
        </custom-meta>
      </custom-meta-group>
    </article-meta>
  </front>
</article>
