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<article article-type="Research Article">
  <front>
    <journal-meta>
      <journal-id journal-id-type="publisher">journal-of-information-and-optimization-sciences</journal-id>
      <journal-title-group>
        <journal-title>Journal of Information and Optimization Sciences</journal-title>
      </journal-title-group>
      <issn publication-format="electronic">2169-0103</issn>
      <issn publication-format="print">0252-2667</issn>
      <publisher>
        <publisher-name>Taru Publications</publisher-name>
      </publisher>
    </journal-meta>
    <article-meta>
      <article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.47974/JIOS-1817</article-id>
      <title-group>
        <article-title>Optimizing homomorphic encryption for machine learning operations in cloud computing</article-title>
      </title-group>
      <contrib-group>
        <contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes">
          <name>
            <surname>Gowda</surname>
            <given-names>V. Dankan</given-names>
          </name>
          <aff>Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, BMS Institute of Technology and Management, Bangalore, Karnataka, 560119, India</aff>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Singh</surname>
            <given-names>Shivoham</given-names>
          </name>
          <aff>Department of Operations, Symbiosis International (Deemed University), Symbiosis Institute of Business Management, Pune, Hyderabad, 412115, India</aff>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Kumar</surname>
            <given-names>Pullela SVVSR</given-names>
          </name>
          <aff>Department of Computer Science &amp; Engineering, Aditya University, Surampalem, Andhra Pradesh, 533437, India</aff>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Dave</surname>
            <given-names>Krishna Kant</given-names>
          </name>
          <aff>Department of Management, Shri Venkateshwara University, Gajraula, Uttar Pradesh, 244236, India</aff>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Kothari</surname>
            <given-names>Hemant</given-names>
          </name>
          <aff>Department of PG Studies, Pacific Academy of Higher Education &amp; Research University, Udaipur, Rajasthan, 313001, India</aff>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Thiruvenkadam</surname>
            <given-names>T.</given-names>
          </name>
          <aff>School of Information Technology (CODE), SRM University, Ganktok, Sikkim, 737102, India</aff>
        </contrib>
      </contrib-group>
      <volume>46</volume>
      <issue>4-A</issue>
      <fpage>915</fpage>
      <lpage>925</lpage>
      <pub-date date-type="pub">
        <day>31</day>
        <month>05</month>
        <year>2025</year>
      </pub-date>
      <abstract>
        <p>This paper will establish how integration of machine learning operation in to cloud computing has greatly enhanced data processing and Analysis. However, data privacy and security has been tricky to achieve as stated earlier. This paper gives a new approach to enhance homomorphic encryption for MLO processes that are carried out in cloud systems. The proposed strategy of solving the problem is effective in restoring computational speed and, as a result, achieving data protection. Based on the results of the experimental assessment it can be stated that the features covered in this paper positively contribute to the reduction of the time required for data processing and the number of sources used with the authenticity of the encrypted information being maintained. Therefore, this work serves the goal of advancing the subject of safe cloud ML by offering an efficient solution for outsourced encryption.</p>
      </abstract>
      <kwd-group>
        <kwd>Homomorphic encryption</kwd>
        <kwd>Machine learning</kwd>
        <kwd>Cloud computing</kwd>
        <kwd>Data privacy</kwd>
        <kwd>Security</kwd>
        <kwd>Optimization</kwd>
        <kwd>Computational efficiency</kwd>
        <kwd>Encrypted data processing</kwd>
      </kwd-group>
      <custom-meta-group>
        <custom-meta>
          <meta-name>access</meta-name>
          <meta-value>open</meta-value>
        </custom-meta>
        <custom-meta>
          <meta-name>retracted</meta-name>
          <meta-value>no</meta-value>
        </custom-meta>
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    </article-meta>
  </front>
</article>
