The IoT edge computing presents a noteworthy capability to provide economy, fast, and secure processing to their systems but the system should integrate with a strong model that can preserve data privacy and secure communication.  The proposed research integrates the concepts of cellular automata and quantum cryptography to introduce a model that can remove the loopholes of IoT edge computing-based systems. The cellular automata analyze a two-dimensional grid structure to produce a robust transition function or rule by assessing the nearby neighbors.  The Quantum key distribution protocol is used to generate the quantum cryptographic key. The transition function and quantum cryptography key are combined to generate the final cryptographic key of the system. The performance of the proposed integration is measured using the time consumption, computational overhead, and security simulations. The experimented results of the proposed research claim that the combined approach preserved data security and protective communication at high priority.