<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<article article-type="Research Article">
  <front>
    <journal-meta>
      <journal-id journal-id-type="publisher">journal-of-information-and-optimization-sciences</journal-id>
      <journal-title-group>
        <journal-title>Journal of Information and Optimization Sciences</journal-title>
      </journal-title-group>
      <issn publication-format="electronic">2169-0103</issn>
      <issn publication-format="print">0252-2667</issn>
      <publisher>
        <publisher-name>Taru Publications</publisher-name>
      </publisher>
    </journal-meta>
    <article-meta>
      <article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.47974/JIOS-1894</article-id>
      <title-group>
        <article-title>An MCDM and partial computations based deadline and energy-aware real-time workflow scheduling technique for fog integrated cloud environment</article-title>
      </title-group>
      <contrib-group>
        <contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes">
          <name>
            <surname>Mehta</surname>
            <given-names>Rishika</given-names>
          </name>
          <aff>Department of Computer Science &amp; Engineering, School of Engineering &amp; Technology, The NorthCap University, Gurugram, Haryana, 122017, India</aff>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Mahajan</surname>
            <given-names>Shilpa</given-names>
          </name>
          <aff>Department of Computer Science &amp; Engineering, School of Engineering &amp; Technology, The NorthCap University, Gurugram, Haryana, 122017, India</aff>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Khanna</surname>
            <given-names>Kavita</given-names>
          </name>
          <aff>Department of Computer Science, Delhi Skill and Entrepreneurship University, Dwarka, New Delhi, 110077, India</aff>
        </contrib>
      </contrib-group>
      <volume>46</volume>
      <issue>4-A</issue>
      <fpage>1091</fpage>
      <lpage>1103</lpage>
      <pub-date date-type="pub">
        <day>31</day>
        <month>05</month>
        <year>2025</year>
      </pub-date>
      <abstract>
        <p>The phenomenal rise of Internet of Things(IoT) has driven the ascend of fog computing as a distributed model to reduce delays in networks. Generally, fog devices are resource-restricted while IoT applications are becoming computationally demanding which require certain QoS to be accomplished within hard time limits. Therefore, it is preferable for IoT jobs to finish their processing within deadline limits by producing approximate results than producing accurate result late. The placement of IoT jobs on fog and cloud resources for execution is a widely-recognized NP-hard problem. We study the placement of real-time IoT workflows in a fog and cloud infrastructure by applying approximate computations and TOPSIS. Our methodology aims to place complete as well as partial tasks in the available idle schedule holes in the schedules of fog as well as cloud resources. The proposed technique is verified through simulation experiments and is contrasted with state-of-the-art techniques on different performance measures. The experimental findings establish that the proposed technique is able to render better performance compared to its alternatives in terms of performance metrics like SLA violation ratio, response time and energy consumption at an insignificant loss of 0.15% of result precision for all experimental scenarios that are taken into consideration.</p>
      </abstract>
      <kwd-group>
        <kwd>Internet of Things</kwd>
        <kwd>Topsis</kwd>
        <kwd>Real-time scheduling</kwd>
        <kwd>Partial computations</kwd>
      </kwd-group>
      <custom-meta-group>
        <custom-meta>
          <meta-name>access</meta-name>
          <meta-value>open</meta-value>
        </custom-meta>
        <custom-meta>
          <meta-name>retracted</meta-name>
          <meta-value>no</meta-value>
        </custom-meta>
      </custom-meta-group>
    </article-meta>
  </front>
</article>
