<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<article article-type="Research Article">
  <front>
    <journal-meta>
      <journal-id journal-id-type="publisher">journal-of-information-and-optimization-sciences</journal-id>
      <journal-title-group>
        <journal-title>Journal of Information and Optimization Sciences</journal-title>
      </journal-title-group>
      <issn publication-format="electronic">2169-0103</issn>
      <issn publication-format="print">0252-2667</issn>
      <publisher>
        <publisher-name>Taru Publications</publisher-name>
      </publisher>
    </journal-meta>
    <article-meta>
      <article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.47974/JIOS-1921</article-id>
      <title-group>
        <article-title>Fuzzy logic-based mathematical modeling and optimization of ICT integration in primary education curriculum</article-title>
      </title-group>
      <contrib-group>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Vats</surname>
            <given-names>Prashant</given-names>
          </name>
          <aff>Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Manipal University Jaipur, Jaipur, Rajasthan, 303007, India</aff>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Vishnoi</surname>
            <given-names>Susheela</given-names>
          </name>
          <aff>Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Manipal University Jaipur, Jaipur, Rajasthan, 303007, India</aff>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Shanker</surname>
            <given-names>Surabhi</given-names>
          </name>
          <aff>Department of Computer Science and Engineering, K. R. Mangalam University, Gurugram, Haryana, 122103, India</aff>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Narula</surname>
            <given-names>Meenakshi</given-names>
          </name>
          <aff>Department of Information Technology, Jagannath International Management School, New Delhi, 110070, India</aff>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes">
          <name>
            <surname>Upadhyay</surname>
            <given-names>Govind Murari</given-names>
          </name>
          <aff>Department of Computer Applications, Manipal University Jaipur, Jaipur, Rajasthan, 303007, India</aff>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Vats</surname>
            <given-names>Kamiya</given-names>
          </name>
          <aff>Department of Education, Shri Jagdishprasad Jhabarmal Tibrewala University, Jhunjhunu, Rajasthan, 333001, India</aff>
        </contrib>
      </contrib-group>
      <volume>46</volume>
      <issue>2</issue>
      <fpage>371</fpage>
      <lpage>382</lpage>
      <pub-date date-type="pub">
        <day>17</day>
        <month>03</month>
        <year>2025</year>
      </pub-date>
      <abstract>
        <p>To integrate competency-based curricular frameworks, this study examines how Indian primary school educators in public schools use information and communication technology (ICT). To maximize ICT utilization, the paper suggests a mathematical strategy combining Computational algorithms with fuzzy logic. To evaluate student performance data, pinpoint learning gaps, and offer tailored recommendations, it delves into the possibilities, difficulties, and present state of practice of Fuzzy Logic. Fuzzy logic integration also makes it possible to handle ambiguity in educational data. The usefulness of this approach in improving instructional strategies and student results is assessed through empirical investigation and case studies. This work advances educational technology as well as teaching by providing a methodical framework for utilizing ICT to enhance learning in a variety of settings.</p>
      </abstract>
      <kwd-group>
        <kwd>Information and communication technology (ICT)</kwd>
        <kwd>Competency-based curriculum</kwd>
        <kwd>Indian public primary schools</kwd>
        <kwd>Fuzzy logic</kwd>
        <kwd>Teacher practices</kwd>
        <kwd>Educational technology</kwd>
        <kwd>Personalized learning</kwd>
        <kwd>Student outcomes</kwd>
      </kwd-group>
      <custom-meta-group>
        <custom-meta>
          <meta-name>access</meta-name>
          <meta-value>open</meta-value>
        </custom-meta>
        <custom-meta>
          <meta-name>retracted</meta-name>
          <meta-value>no</meta-value>
        </custom-meta>
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    </article-meta>
  </front>
</article>
