<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<article article-type="Research Article">
  <front>
    <journal-meta>
      <journal-id journal-id-type="publisher">journal-of-information-and-optimization-sciences</journal-id>
      <journal-title-group>
        <journal-title>Journal of Information and Optimization Sciences</journal-title>
      </journal-title-group>
      <issn publication-format="electronic">2169-0103</issn>
      <issn publication-format="print">0252-2667</issn>
      <publisher>
        <publisher-name>Taru Publications</publisher-name>
      </publisher>
    </journal-meta>
    <article-meta>
      <article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.47974/JIOS-1852</article-id>
      <title-group>
        <article-title>Study of cyber threat intelligence, risk management and methods</article-title>
      </title-group>
      <contrib-group>
        <contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes">
          <name>
            <surname>Singh</surname>
            <given-names>Pardeep</given-names>
          </name>
          <aff>Department of Computer Science &amp; Engineering, Guru Tegh Bahadur 4th Centenary Engineering College, Rajouri Garden, New Delhi, 110064, India</aff>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Kumar</surname>
            <given-names>Mahesh</given-names>
          </name>
          <aff>Department of Information Technology, Bharati Vidyapeeth College of Engineering, Paschim Vihar, New Delhi, 110063, India</aff>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Sharma</surname>
            <given-names>Neetu</given-names>
          </name>
          <aff>Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Galgotias University, Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India</aff>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Kumar</surname>
            <given-names>Pramod</given-names>
          </name>
          <aff>Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Kablana, Ganga Institute of Technology and Management, Jhajjar, Haryana, 124104, India</aff>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <given-names>Shweta</given-names>
          </name>
          <aff>Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Bhagwan Parshuram Institute of Technology, Rohini, Delhi, 110089, India</aff>
        </contrib>
      </contrib-group>
      <volume>46</volume>
      <issue>1</issue>
      <fpage>65</fpage>
      <lpage>74</lpage>
      <pub-date date-type="pub">
        <day>19</day>
        <month>02</month>
        <year>2025</year>
      </pub-date>
      <abstract>
        <p>Cyberattacks by chronic threat actors circumvent network and device security to modify crucial data for companies and people. Cyber threat intelligence (CTI) enables organizations learn about cyber assaults, evidence, threat actors, as well as methodologies. Attacks are mitigated by procedures, methods, and penetration indicators.Minimizing the security gap involves something advanced than data protection in the current cyber threat context. Basic rights include secure internet material. Cyber dangers change often, so recognizing them and how to protect against them is essential. CTI’s present situation and challenges are discussed here. It must be handled to maintain early warning. The article covers Cyber Threat Intelligence and associated actions.</p>
      </abstract>
      <kwd-group>
        <kwd>Cyber security</kwd>
        <kwd>Cyber threat intelligence</kwd>
        <kwd>Threat actors</kwd>
        <kwd>Indicators of compromise (IOC)</kwd>
        <kwd>Techniques</kwd>
        <kwd>Tactics and procedures</kwd>
      </kwd-group>
      <custom-meta-group>
        <custom-meta>
          <meta-name>access</meta-name>
          <meta-value>open</meta-value>
        </custom-meta>
        <custom-meta>
          <meta-name>retracted</meta-name>
          <meta-value>no</meta-value>
        </custom-meta>
      </custom-meta-group>
    </article-meta>
  </front>
</article>
