<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<article article-type="Research Article">
  <front>
    <journal-meta>
      <journal-id journal-id-type="publisher">journal-of-information-and-optimization-sciences</journal-id>
      <journal-title-group>
        <journal-title>Journal of Information and Optimization Sciences</journal-title>
      </journal-title-group>
      <issn publication-format="electronic">2169-0103</issn>
      <issn publication-format="print">0252-2667</issn>
      <publisher>
        <publisher-name>Taru Publications</publisher-name>
      </publisher>
    </journal-meta>
    <article-meta>
      <article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.47974/JIOS-1855</article-id>
      <title-group>
        <article-title>BLOBDTBM : Blockchain-based structure for decentralized tourism business model</article-title>
      </title-group>
      <contrib-group>
        <contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes">
          <name>
            <surname>Kumar</surname>
            <given-names>B. C. Girish</given-names>
          </name>
          <aff>Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Sharda University, Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh, 201310, India</aff>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Nand</surname>
            <given-names>Parma</given-names>
          </name>
          <aff>Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Sharda University, Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh, 201310, India</aff>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Bali</surname>
            <given-names>Vikram</given-names>
          </name>
          <aff>Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Galgotias College of Engineering and Technology, Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh, 201310, India</aff>
        </contrib>
      </contrib-group>
      <volume>46</volume>
      <issue>1</issue>
      <fpage>91</fpage>
      <lpage>105</lpage>
      <pub-date date-type="pub">
        <day>19</day>
        <month>02</month>
        <year>2025</year>
      </pub-date>
      <abstract>
        <p>Given the nation’s current economic prosperity, the tourism sector is flourishing. Tourism is the term used to describe travel to a place that is different from your native country or hometown for a multitude of reasons. Identity theft, middlemen, unsuccessful payments, fraudulent reviews, transparency, settlement, overbooking, regulation, and—above all—safety concerns brought on by the COVID-19 pandemic, omicron, SARS-COV-2, JN.1, and the industry’s traditional architecture are some of the issues the tourism sector has been facing. This research study presents BLOBDBM (Blockchain Based Decentralized Business model in Tourism sector), a blockchain framework for eliminating third-party middlemen in the tourism sector as a more affordable and user-friendly alternative to hotel listing, booking, and secure payment. In the travel and tourism industry, the proposed work provides a decentralized way to book and pay for hotels. The experimental outcomes of the Proposed Model outperform those of the most sophisticated Blockchain designs.</p>
      </abstract>
      <kwd-group>
        <kwd>Blockchain</kwd>
        <kwd>COVID-19</kwd>
        <kwd>Smart contracts</kwd>
        <kwd>Tourist</kwd>
        <kwd>Contact tracing</kwd>
        <kwd>Ethereum</kwd>
        <kwd>Metamask</kwd>
        <kwd>Truffle framework</kwd>
        <kwd>Ganache</kwd>
        <kwd>Node JS</kwd>
      </kwd-group>
      <custom-meta-group>
        <custom-meta>
          <meta-name>access</meta-name>
          <meta-value>open</meta-value>
        </custom-meta>
        <custom-meta>
          <meta-name>retracted</meta-name>
          <meta-value>no</meta-value>
        </custom-meta>
      </custom-meta-group>
    </article-meta>
  </front>
</article>
