<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<article article-type="Research Article">
  <front>
    <journal-meta>
      <journal-id journal-id-type="publisher">journal-of-information-and-optimization-sciences</journal-id>
      <journal-title-group>
        <journal-title>Journal of Information and Optimization Sciences</journal-title>
      </journal-title-group>
      <issn publication-format="electronic">2169-0103</issn>
      <issn publication-format="print">0252-2667</issn>
      <publisher>
        <publisher-name>Taru Publications</publisher-name>
      </publisher>
    </journal-meta>
    <article-meta>
      <article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.47974/JIOS-1320</article-id>
      <title-group>
        <article-title>Define, refined and re-defined concepts of quantum machine learning  : A review</article-title>
      </title-group>
      <contrib-group>
        <contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes">
          <name>
            <surname>Chavan</surname>
            <given-names>Shradha</given-names>
          </name>
          <aff>School of CSIT, Symbiosis Skills and Professional University, Pune, Maharashtra, India</aff>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Mulay</surname>
            <given-names>Preeti</given-names>
          </name>
          <aff>School of CSIT, Symbiosis Skills and Professional University, Pune, Maharashtra, India</aff>
        </contrib>
      </contrib-group>
      <volume>45</volume>
      <issue>5</issue>
      <fpage>1229</fpage>
      <lpage>1262</lpage>
      <pub-date date-type="pub">
        <day>12</day>
        <month>08</month>
        <year>2024</year>
      </pub-date>
      <abstract>
        <p>Quantum Machine Learning (QML) is a new phraseology in the world today. With various upcoming Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies, everyday data scientists and corporate around the world are trying to harness its power. QML borrows concepts of Quantum Computing and QML algorithms enhance the existing Machine Learning (ML) algorithms by processing datasets more efficiently. Quantum Computers are a powering force driving QML algorithms that boosts computational power and helps analyse data. QML algorithms can be applied in sectors involving number crunching, pattern identification and so on. In the existing world, QML can be a game-changer for organizations that work on identifying product correlations and customer behaviour in a brief time. This paper discusses studies related to principles of Quantum Mechanics, Quantum Computing and QML algorithm. Additionally, it explores opportunities and challenges faced in the field of QML. Lastly, the paper talks about QML applications and compares various available QML toolkits from the market. Future direction and exhaustive survey of papers from various spectrums related to Quantum Computing is presented in this paper.</p>
      </abstract>
      <kwd-group>
        <kwd>Quantum machine learning</kwd>
        <kwd>Quantum computing</kwd>
        <kwd>Machine learning</kwd>
        <kwd>Quantum  algorithms</kwd>
        <kwd>Quantum clustering</kwd>
      </kwd-group>
      <custom-meta-group>
        <custom-meta>
          <meta-name>access</meta-name>
          <meta-value>open</meta-value>
        </custom-meta>
        <custom-meta>
          <meta-name>retracted</meta-name>
          <meta-value>no</meta-value>
        </custom-meta>
      </custom-meta-group>
    </article-meta>
  </front>
</article>
