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<article article-type="Research Article">
  <front>
    <journal-meta>
      <journal-id journal-id-type="publisher">journal-of-information-and-optimization-sciences</journal-id>
      <journal-title-group>
        <journal-title>Journal of Information and Optimization Sciences</journal-title>
      </journal-title-group>
      <issn publication-format="electronic">2169-0103</issn>
      <issn publication-format="print">0252-2667</issn>
      <publisher>
        <publisher-name>Taru Publications</publisher-name>
      </publisher>
    </journal-meta>
    <article-meta>
      <article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.47974/JIOS-1590</article-id>
      <title-group>
        <article-title>Lean management principles : Applications and case studies in operations</article-title>
      </title-group>
      <contrib-group>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Chaudhary</surname>
            <given-names>Anjali</given-names>
          </name>
          <aff>Department of Business Administration, College of Business Administration, Princess Noura Bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, KSA</aff>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes">
          <name>
            <surname>Gandhar</surname>
            <given-names>Shashi</given-names>
          </name>
          <aff>Department of Electrical &amp; Electronics Engineering, Bharati Vidyapeeth’s College of Engineering, New Delhi, India</aff>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Tiwari</surname>
            <given-names>Tripti</given-names>
          </name>
          <aff>Department of Management Studies, Bharati Vidyapeeth (Deemed to be University), Institute of Management and Research, New Delhi, India</aff>
        </contrib>
      </contrib-group>
      <volume>45</volume>
      <issue>2</issue>
      <fpage>523</fpage>
      <lpage>532</lpage>
      <pub-date date-type="pub">
        <day>30</day>
        <month>03</month>
        <year>2024</year>
      </pub-date>
      <abstract>
        <p>The research delves into the applications of lean management principles into the operational context. From the study, it has been obtained that, the efficiency and quality factor of organizations depends on the various possibilities in decision making process. This has emphasized the imperative approaches in terms of facilitating the terminologies. Employing the primary quantitative method, the study utilizes a survey method which has initiated a data collection method from 55 participants across different industries. The chosen tool for the analysis is SPSS that aligns with the various possibilities generating relevant results. The application of ANOVA, correlation and descriptive factors has acknowledged the nuance interpretation of the findings. The exploration of statistical sources has provided various insights into key variables while the correlation uncovers the relationship between various factors based on product service quality. The study employs with the possibilities that are present in lean management and its core applications in optimizing the organizational shortcomings.</p>
      </abstract>
      <kwd-group>
        <kwd>Mathematical modeling</kwd>
        <kwd>Ordinary differential equations</kwd>
        <kwd>A duopoly economy</kwd>
      </kwd-group>
      <custom-meta-group>
        <custom-meta>
          <meta-name>access</meta-name>
          <meta-value>open</meta-value>
        </custom-meta>
        <custom-meta>
          <meta-name>retracted</meta-name>
          <meta-value>no</meta-value>
        </custom-meta>
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    </article-meta>
  </front>
</article>
