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<article article-type="Research Article">
  <front>
    <journal-meta>
      <journal-id journal-id-type="publisher">journal-of-information-and-optimization-sciences</journal-id>
      <journal-title-group>
        <journal-title>Journal of Information and Optimization Sciences</journal-title>
      </journal-title-group>
      <issn publication-format="electronic">2169-0103</issn>
      <issn publication-format="print">0252-2667</issn>
      <publisher>
        <publisher-name>Taru Publications</publisher-name>
      </publisher>
    </journal-meta>
    <article-meta>
      <article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.47974/JIOS-1554</article-id>
      <title-group>
        <article-title>An improved design of circularly polarized microstrip antenna for 5G communication</article-title>
      </title-group>
      <contrib-group>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Kumar</surname>
            <given-names>Shashi Bhushan</given-names>
          </name>
          <aff>Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Bharati Vidyapeeth’s College of Engineering, New Delhi, India</aff>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <given-names>Vasu</given-names>
          </name>
          <aff>Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Bharati Vidyapeeth’s College of Engineering, New Delhi, India</aff>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Singh</surname>
            <given-names>Vinay</given-names>
          </name>
          <aff>Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Bharati Vidyapeeth’s College of Engineering, New Delhi, India</aff>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Kumar</surname>
            <given-names>Suman</given-names>
          </name>
          <aff>Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Bharati Vidyapeeth’s College of Engineering, New Delhi, India</aff>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes">
          <name>
            <surname>Gandhar</surname>
            <given-names>Shashi</given-names>
          </name>
          <aff>Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Bharati Vidyapeeth’s College of Engineering, New Delhi, India</aff>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Tiwari</surname>
            <given-names>Mohit</given-names>
          </name>
          <aff>Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Bharati Vidyapeeth’s College of Engineering, New Delhi, India</aff>
          <aff>New Delhi, Delhi, 110018, India</aff>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Priyadarshi</surname>
            <given-names>Prakhar</given-names>
          </name>
          <aff>Department of Information Technology and Engineering, Bharati Vidyapeeth’s College of Engineering, New Delhi, India</aff>
        </contrib>
      </contrib-group>
      <volume>45</volume>
      <issue>2</issue>
      <fpage>369</fpage>
      <lpage>379</lpage>
      <pub-date date-type="pub">
        <day>17</day>
        <month>03</month>
        <year>2024</year>
      </pub-date>
      <abstract>
        <p>This research paper explores the performance of four circularly polarized microstrip antenna designs tailored for 5G applications. As 5G technology continues to advance, antenna design is pivotal in realizing its potential. The designs, labeled Design 1 through 4, undergo rigorous analysis, encompassing axial ratio, gain, and impedance bandwidth. Notably, Designs 2 and 3, featuring strategic slot cuts, exhibit strong axial ratios suitable for circular polarization within the 5G frequency range. Design 4 introduces an L-shaped feeding line, showcasing unique characteristics albeit with trade-offs. Conversely, Design 1, without slot cuts, demonstrates suboptimal circular polarization performance. This study discusses the significance of these findings within the context of 5G networks, emphasizing the relevance of antenna design choices. As 5G technology evolves, this research offers valuable insights for optimizing antennas in the quest for efficient 5G communication systems.</p>
      </abstract>
      <kwd-group>
        <kwd>5G</kwd>
        <kwd>Circularly polarized microstrip antennas</kwd>
        <kwd>Axial ratio</kwd>
        <kwd>Gain</kwd>
        <kwd>Impedance bandwidth</kwd>
      </kwd-group>
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          <meta-name>access</meta-name>
          <meta-value>open</meta-value>
        </custom-meta>
        <custom-meta>
          <meta-name>retracted</meta-name>
          <meta-value>no</meta-value>
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  </front>
</article>
