India is a country where there is an abundant supply of human resources but at the same time their quality and standard of workforce is very low. On the basis of the report given by UNO India was placed  at 131th rank in terms of Human Development Index (HDI) but compared with in the less developed countries the index is very little low. From the days of independence the Government of India has launched various programmes and policies to improve their working efficiency but the Government was not able to achieve the desired results. There were many more policies ensuring better productive workforce to increase their standard and quality of the production process so as to achieve the better results. In Indian context these programmes like social security and compensation policies not only safeguard the interest of the working class but are also providing a fair and competitive wages. Proper HR policies are needed so as to tap their ful working capacity and also to improve the status of the firm. More precisely the working class in India has drastically faced many challenges and risks under the globalization period. The authors makes an attempt to analyse the role of human resources in Indian context and certain suggestive measures to improve their workforce in a detailed manner are brought out in this paper with some illustrations.