Sexual violence remains a pervasive public health and social issue, with the World Health Organization reporting that one in three women globally experiences such violence in their lifetime. Moreover, more than half of the victims do not report their experiences, underscoring the need for analytical tools that account for both reported and unreported cases. This study presents a nonlinear compartmental model (SUVPR: Susceptible–Unreported Violence–Reported Violence–Punishment–Recovered) to analyze the underlying mechanisms and contributing factors that shape the dynamics of gender based sexual violence in Indonesia. The model incorporates key behavioural and reporting dynamics to reflect real-world conditions accurately. Using the next-generation matrix method, we derive the basic reproduction numbers R_0=0.0117309 for the sexual violence-free equilibrium point and R_0=1.10671391 for the sexual violence endemic equilibrium point. The analysis with the Routh-Hurwitz criterion indicates that both equilibrium points are locally asymptotically stable under certain parameter conditions. The identification of the effective contact rate and the reporting rate as key determinants of R_0 indicates that enhancing reporting mechanisms and reducing societal tolerance toward violence may substantially mitigate the transmission dynamics of sexual violence.