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<article article-type="Research Article">
  <front>
    <journal-meta>
      <journal-id journal-id-type="publisher">journal-of-interdisciplinary-mathematics</journal-id>
      <journal-title-group>
        <journal-title>Journal of Interdisciplinary Mathematics</journal-title>
      </journal-title-group>
      <issn publication-format="electronic">2169-012X</issn>
      <issn publication-format="print">0972-0502</issn>
      <publisher>
        <publisher-name>Taru Publications</publisher-name>
      </publisher>
    </journal-meta>
    <article-meta>
      <article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.47974/JIM-2461</article-id>
      <title-group>
        <article-title>Exploring boundedness and oscillatory behaviour in impulsive stochastic fractional differential equations : Theoretical insights and practical applications</article-title>
      </title-group>
      <contrib-group>
        <contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes">
          <name>
            <surname>Alsinai</surname>
            <given-names>Ammar</given-names>
          </name>
          <aff>CV Raman Global University, Bhubansewar, Odisha, 752054, India</aff>
          <aff>Department of Computer Science, Onaizah Colleges, College of Engineering and Information Technology, Qassim, Saudi Arabia</aff>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Mahanta</surname>
            <given-names>Kamal Lochan</given-names>
          </name>
          <aff>Department of Mathematics, CV Raman Global University, Bhubansewar, Odisha, 752054, India</aff>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Pasha</surname>
            <given-names>Kiran</given-names>
          </name>
          <aff>Department of Physics, The University of Lahore, Sargodha, 40100, Pakistan</aff>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Ahmed</surname>
            <given-names>Sidra</given-names>
          </name>
          <aff>Department of Physics, The University of Lahore, Sargodha, 40100, Pakistan</aff>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Niazi</surname>
            <given-names>Azmat Ullah Khan</given-names>
          </name>
          <aff>Department of Physics, The University of Lahore, Sargodha, 40100, Pakistan</aff>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Ahmed</surname>
            <given-names>Hanan</given-names>
          </name>
          <aff>Department of Mathematics, Ibb University, Ibb, Yemen</aff>
        </contrib>
      </contrib-group>
      <volume>29</volume>
      <issue>7</issue>
      <fpage>2291</fpage>
      <lpage>2315</lpage>
      <pub-date date-type="pub">
        <day>15</day>
        <month>07</month>
        <year>2026</year>
      </pub-date>
      <abstract>
        <p>This research focuses on Impulsive Stochastic Fractional Differential Equations (ISFDEs) with order α ∈ (0, 1) and discusses the role played by impulsivity and stochasticity in the system. Impulsivity means the sudden changes in the state of the system at certain moments, usually because of external shocks. On the other hand, stochasticity represents the random nature in the system, often described by stochastic processes, for example, Brownian motions. Stochastic differential equations provide a powerful framework to model randomness in dynamic systems [15]. Impulsive fractional integro-delay systems have been studied to capture sudden state changes in dynamic systems [9]. The research discusses the boundedness, oscillatory properties, and the existence of the solution for the ISFDEs. The results provide a theory for the understanding of the role played by the combination of fractional derivatives, impulsivity, and stochasticity in the system’s stability and long-term behavior. The results are applicable in control theory, biology, economics, and other fields, especially in the presence of sudden changes and random elements in the system.</p>
      </abstract>
      <kwd-group>
        <kwd>Impulsive stochastic fractional differential equations</kwd>
        <kwd>Stochastic processes</kwd>
        <kwd>Impulses</kwd>
        <kwd>Fractional calculus</kwd>
        <kwd>Boundedness of solutions</kwd>
        <kwd>Oscillatory behavior</kwd>
        <kwd>Mathematical modeling</kwd>
        <kwd>Fractional differential equations</kwd>
        <kwd>Random fluctuations</kwd>
        <kwd>Impulsive systems</kwd>
        <kwd>Stability and existence of solutions</kwd>
        <kwd>Control theory applications</kwd>
        <kwd>Biological systems modeling</kwd>
      </kwd-group>
      <custom-meta-group>
        <custom-meta>
          <meta-name>access</meta-name>
          <meta-value>open</meta-value>
        </custom-meta>
        <custom-meta>
          <meta-name>retracted</meta-name>
          <meta-value>no</meta-value>
        </custom-meta>
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    </article-meta>
  </front>
</article>
