<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<article article-type="Research Article">
  <front>
    <journal-meta>
      <journal-id journal-id-type="publisher">journal-of-interdisciplinary-mathematics</journal-id>
      <journal-title-group>
        <journal-title>Journal of Interdisciplinary Mathematics</journal-title>
      </journal-title-group>
      <issn publication-format="electronic">2169-012X</issn>
      <issn publication-format="print">0972-0502</issn>
      <publisher>
        <publisher-name>Taru Publications</publisher-name>
      </publisher>
    </journal-meta>
    <article-meta>
      <article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.47974/JIM-2244</article-id>
      <title-group>
        <article-title>Effective effects of temperature distribution and pressure gradient parameter in the curved peristaltic channel of non-Newtonian Walter’s-B fluid</article-title>
      </title-group>
      <contrib-group>
        <contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes">
          <name>
            <surname>Lafta</surname>
            <given-names>Hana I.</given-names>
          </name>
          <aff>Department of Mathematics, Diyala Education Directorate, Diyala, Iraq</aff>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Ibraheem</surname>
            <given-names>Rana G.</given-names>
          </name>
          <aff>Scientific Research Commission, Baghdad, Iraq</aff>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Jaafar</surname>
            <given-names>Zainab A.</given-names>
          </name>
          <aff>Department of Mathematics, College of Education -Tuzkhurmatu, Tikrit University, Tikrit, Iraq</aff>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Khalil</surname>
            <given-names>Shuker</given-names>
          </name>
          <aff>Department of Mathematics, College of Science, University of Basrah, Basrah, Iraq</aff>
        </contrib>
      </contrib-group>
      <volume>29</volume>
      <issue>2</issue>
      <fpage>385</fpage>
      <lpage>397</lpage>
      <pub-date date-type="pub">
        <day>29</day>
        <month>01</month>
        <year>2026</year>
      </pub-date>
      <abstract>
        <p>The current work is concerned with studying the effective effects of temperature distribution and pressure gradient in the curved channel for non-Newtonian Walter’s - B fluid. A fluid moving through an asymmetric curved peristaltic channel out of the porous medium with variable viscosity and non-slippery conditions on a temperature distribution, pressure gradient, pressure rise, and concentration. The heat equation was formulated by including the term heat source. The equations governing momentum, energy, and concentration were simplified under long-wavelength constraints and small Reynolds number estimates. A mathematical expression for the nonlinear partial equations was determined analytically in terms of the axial and transverse coordinates and by the regular turbulence for small values of the viscosity parameter of the Reynolds model. The approximation was used to derive series solutions for the temperature distribution field, the pressure gradient field and the evolution of the pressure rise. Adding to the focus area and performing numerical calculations of the pressure rise field for each wavelength. Explaining the effect of the physical parameters in this model on the computational results and the mathematical program “MATHEMATICA”.</p>
      </abstract>
      <kwd-group>
        <kwd>Curved peristaltic channel</kwd>
        <kwd>Soret number</kwd>
        <kwd>Pressure rise</kwd>
        <kwd>Boundary conditions</kwd>
        <kwd>Perturbation method</kwd>
        <kwd>Walter’s-B fluid</kwd>
      </kwd-group>
      <custom-meta-group>
        <custom-meta>
          <meta-name>access</meta-name>
          <meta-value>open</meta-value>
        </custom-meta>
        <custom-meta>
          <meta-name>retracted</meta-name>
          <meta-value>no</meta-value>
        </custom-meta>
      </custom-meta-group>
    </article-meta>
  </front>
</article>
