<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<article article-type="Research Article">
  <front>
    <journal-meta>
      <journal-id journal-id-type="publisher">journal-of-interdisciplinary-mathematics</journal-id>
      <journal-title-group>
        <journal-title>Journal of Interdisciplinary Mathematics</journal-title>
      </journal-title-group>
      <issn publication-format="electronic">2169-012X</issn>
      <issn publication-format="print">0972-0502</issn>
      <publisher>
        <publisher-name>Taru Publications</publisher-name>
      </publisher>
    </journal-meta>
    <article-meta>
      <article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.47974/JIM-1978</article-id>
      <title-group>
        <article-title>Competing dynamics : Analysis of different orders fractional epidemic model</article-title>
      </title-group>
      <contrib-group>
        <contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes">
          <name>
            <surname>Joudha</surname>
            <given-names>Zainab Mohammed</given-names>
          </name>
          <aff>Department of Mathematics, College of Sciences, University of Baghdad, Baghdad, Iraq</aff>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Al-Azzawi</surname>
            <given-names>Saad N. Ali</given-names>
          </name>
          <aff>Department of Mathematics, College of Science for Women, University of Baghdad, Baghdad, Iraq</aff>
        </contrib>
      </contrib-group>
      <volume>28</volume>
      <issue>3-A</issue>
      <fpage>813</fpage>
      <lpage>822</lpage>
      <pub-date date-type="pub">
        <day>08</day>
        <month>05</month>
        <year>2025</year>
      </pub-date>
      <abstract>
        <p>In this paper, a different-order fraction dynamical system of five equations for an epidemic model was analyzed by studying the existence of equilibrium points and their stability (locally and globally). The bifurcation (locally and globally) of equilibrium points, positivity, and uniformly boundedness of solutions was also proved under certain conditions on the system’s parameters.</p>
      </abstract>
      <kwd-group>
        <kwd>SEIVR epidemic</kwd>
        <kwd>Fractional calculus</kwd>
        <kwd>Stability</kwd>
        <kwd>Uniform bounded</kwd>
        <kwd>Bifurcation</kwd>
      </kwd-group>
      <custom-meta-group>
        <custom-meta>
          <meta-name>access</meta-name>
          <meta-value>open</meta-value>
        </custom-meta>
        <custom-meta>
          <meta-name>retracted</meta-name>
          <meta-value>no</meta-value>
        </custom-meta>
      </custom-meta-group>
    </article-meta>
  </front>
</article>
