<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<article article-type="Research Article">
  <front>
    <journal-meta>
      <journal-id journal-id-type="publisher">journal-of-interdisciplinary-mathematics</journal-id>
      <journal-title-group>
        <journal-title>Journal of Interdisciplinary Mathematics</journal-title>
      </journal-title-group>
      <issn publication-format="electronic">2169-012X</issn>
      <issn publication-format="print">0972-0502</issn>
      <publisher>
        <publisher-name>Taru Publications</publisher-name>
      </publisher>
    </journal-meta>
    <article-meta>
      <article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.47974/JIM-1902</article-id>
      <title-group>
        <article-title>Modifying conjugate gradient methods for removing impulse noise images</article-title>
      </title-group>
      <contrib-group>
        <contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes">
          <name>
            <surname>Hassan</surname>
            <given-names>Basim A.</given-names>
          </name>
          <aff>Department of Mathematics, College of Computers Sciences and Mathematics, University of Mosul, Mosul, 41002, Iraq</aff>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Taha</surname>
            <given-names>Mohammed W.</given-names>
          </name>
          <aff>Department of Mathematics, College of Computers Sciences and Mathematics, University of Mosul, Mosul, 41002, Iraq</aff>
        </contrib>
      </contrib-group>
      <volume>28</volume>
      <issue>1</issue>
      <fpage>235</fpage>
      <lpage>244</lpage>
      <pub-date date-type="pub">
        <day>13</day>
        <month>02</month>
        <year>2025</year>
      </pub-date>
      <abstract>
        <p>In most image processing processes that are utilized in most applications, denoising an image is a basic step. A two-phase conjugate gradient is used in our study to provide a method for reducing impulse noise. Noise candidates may be identified by an adaptive (center-weighted) median filter, which would then employ the conjugate gradient method to restore them. With this method, the noise candidates are recovered by reducing a functional for preserving edges. Its search strategy’s downward directionality is one of its most attractive features. The search for a global convergence of the Strong Wolfe line may turn up. Experiments with numbers show that conjugate gradient reduces impulse noise. </p>
      </abstract>
      <kwd-group>
        <kwd>Modifying conjugate gradient</kwd>
        <kwd>Theoretical analysis</kwd>
        <kwd>Image restoration problems</kwd>
      </kwd-group>
      <custom-meta-group>
        <custom-meta>
          <meta-name>access</meta-name>
          <meta-value>open</meta-value>
        </custom-meta>
        <custom-meta>
          <meta-name>retracted</meta-name>
          <meta-value>no</meta-value>
        </custom-meta>
      </custom-meta-group>
    </article-meta>
  </front>
</article>
