<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<article article-type="Research Article">
  <front>
    <journal-meta>
      <journal-id journal-id-type="publisher">journal-of-interdisciplinary-mathematics</journal-id>
      <journal-title-group>
        <journal-title>Journal of Interdisciplinary Mathematics</journal-title>
      </journal-title-group>
      <issn publication-format="electronic">2169-012X</issn>
      <issn publication-format="print">0972-0502</issn>
      <publisher>
        <publisher-name>Taru Publications</publisher-name>
      </publisher>
    </journal-meta>
    <article-meta>
      <article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.47974/JIM-1866</article-id>
      <title-group>
        <article-title>Inside of nano topological spaces : A novel generalized open and closed nano operator</article-title>
      </title-group>
      <contrib-group>
        <contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes">
          <name>
            <surname>Hamd</surname>
            <given-names>Hawraa Sahib Abu</given-names>
          </name>
          <aff>Department of Mathematics, College of Computer Science and Mathematics, University of Kufa, Kufa, 540011, Iraq</aff>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Hameed</surname>
            <given-names>Abdulaziz S</given-names>
          </name>
          <aff>Ministry of Education-General Directorate for Breeding, Baghdad Third Karkh, Baghdad, 10011, Iraq</aff>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Aziz</surname>
            <given-names>Nabila I.</given-names>
          </name>
          <aff>Department of Physics, College of Education Tuzkhurmatu, University of Tikrit, Ti Saladin krit, 34001, Iraq</aff>
        </contrib>
      </contrib-group>
      <volume>28</volume>
      <issue>1</issue>
      <fpage>261</fpage>
      <lpage>266</lpage>
      <pub-date date-type="pub">
        <day>13</day>
        <month>02</month>
        <year>2025</year>
      </pub-date>
      <abstract>
        <p>In this study, a novel class of operators in Nano topological spaces is defined a novel Open and Closed Nano operators (briefly, (Ɲ  ̂ (Ᾱ) and Ɲ  ̂ (Ᾱ)), proved properties and theorems in Nano topological spaces. </p>
      </abstract>
      <kwd-group>
        <kwd>Nano operator open Ɲ  ̂ (Ᾱ)</kwd>
        <kwd>Nano operator close Ɲ  ̂ (Ᾱ)</kwd>
      </kwd-group>
      <custom-meta-group>
        <custom-meta>
          <meta-name>access</meta-name>
          <meta-value>open</meta-value>
        </custom-meta>
        <custom-meta>
          <meta-name>retracted</meta-name>
          <meta-value>no</meta-value>
        </custom-meta>
      </custom-meta-group>
    </article-meta>
  </front>
</article>
