Future healthcare systems are increasingly influenced by data-driven technologies that support intelligent, efficient, and patient-focused medical services. This paper provides a comprehensive review of major data-driven technologies, including artificial intelligence, machine learning, big data analytics, Internet of Things devices, telemedicine solutions, and next-generation communication networks such as 5G and 6G. These technologies play a crucial role in enabling early disease detection, personalized healthcare, population-level health management, and improved clinical outcomes in both rural and urban settings. The study systematically examines the contribution of remote patient monitoring, intelligent data analytics, and high-speed communication infrastructures in facilitating proactive and predictive healthcare delivery. It also discusses key challenges related to data privacy, security, interoperability, and ethical governance. Finally, the paper highlights open research issues and future directions toward developing scalable, secure, and reliable data-driven healthcare systems, providing valuable insights for researchers, healthcare professionals, and policymakers.