<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<article article-type="Research Article">
  <front>
    <journal-meta>
      <journal-id journal-id-type="publisher">journal-of-discrete-mathematical-sciences-and-cryptography</journal-id>
      <journal-title-group>
        <journal-title>Journal of Discrete Mathematical Sciences and Cryptography</journal-title>
      </journal-title-group>
      <issn publication-format="electronic">2169-0065</issn>
      <issn publication-format="print">0972-0529</issn>
      <publisher>
        <publisher-name>Taru Publications</publisher-name>
      </publisher>
    </journal-meta>
    <article-meta>
      <article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.47974/JDMSC-2303</article-id>
      <title-group>
        <article-title>Edge δ− graceful labeling of some snake and chain related networks</article-title>
      </title-group>
      <contrib-group>
        <contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes">
          <name>
            <surname>Deen</surname>
            <given-names>Mohamed R. Zeen El</given-names>
          </name>
          <aff>Department of Mathematics and Computer Science, Faculty of Science, Suez University, Suez, P. O. Box 43221, Egypt</aff>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Aboamer</surname>
            <given-names>Walaa A.</given-names>
          </name>
          <aff>Department of Mathematics and Computer Science, Faculty of Science, Suez University, Suez, P. O. Box 43221, Egypt</aff>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>El-Sherbiny</surname>
            <given-names>Hamed M.</given-names>
          </name>
          <aff>Department of Mathematics and Computer Science, Faculty of Science, Suez University, Suez, P. O. Box 43221, Egypt</aff>
        </contrib>
      </contrib-group>
      <volume>29</volume>
      <issue>7</issue>
      <fpage>2641</fpage>
      <lpage>2665</lpage>
      <pub-date date-type="pub">
        <day>11</day>
        <month>03</month>
        <year>2026</year>
      </pub-date>
      <abstract>
        <p>Consider a collection of charges {δ, 2δ, 3δ, ..., βδ} for an integer δ ≥ 1 and a network Γ with α = |V (Γ)| and β = |E (Γ)|. The challenge is to create a variety of electric network designs that allow each wire in the network to employ a single charge from the set {δ, 2δ, 3δ, ..., βδ} to each wire in the network, ensuring that the amount of accumulation charges at each nodes (connection points) must vary. In this work, we developed and expanded a form of labeling of Γ entitled an edge δ– graceful labeling (Eδ – GL) which is a bijection Ψ from the edge set E(Γ) to the set {δ, 2δ, 3δ, ..., βδ} so that the produced transformation Ψ* : V(Γ) → {0, δ, 2δ, ..., (β – 1)δ}, given by: Ψ * (λ) = (∑λω∈E(Γ)‍ Ψ(λω)) mod (δΠ), where Π = max(α, β), is an injective. We provide eight designs for electric networks associated with snake graphs and four designs for electric networks associated with chain graphs. Every single one of these designs matches our required features and specifications.</p>
      </abstract>
      <kwd-group>
        <kwd>Edge δ-graceful labeling</kwd>
        <kwd>Triangular quadrilateral snake</kwd>
        <kwd>Wheel snake</kwd>
        <kwd>Linear quadrilateral chain</kwd>
        <kwd>Diagonal linear hexagonal chain</kwd>
      </kwd-group>
      <custom-meta-group>
        <custom-meta>
          <meta-name>access</meta-name>
          <meta-value>open</meta-value>
        </custom-meta>
        <custom-meta>
          <meta-name>retracted</meta-name>
          <meta-value>no</meta-value>
        </custom-meta>
      </custom-meta-group>
    </article-meta>
  </front>
</article>
