<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<article article-type="Research Article">
  <front>
    <journal-meta>
      <journal-id journal-id-type="publisher">journal-of-discrete-mathematical-sciences-and-cryptography</journal-id>
      <journal-title-group>
        <journal-title>Journal of Discrete Mathematical Sciences and Cryptography</journal-title>
      </journal-title-group>
      <issn publication-format="electronic">2169-0065</issn>
      <issn publication-format="print">0972-0529</issn>
      <publisher>
        <publisher-name>Taru Publications</publisher-name>
      </publisher>
    </journal-meta>
    <article-meta>
      <article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.47974/JDMSC-2388</article-id>
      <title-group>
        <article-title>CTATD Number for power graph of various Ladder Graphs</article-title>
      </title-group>
      <contrib-group>
        <contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes">
          <name>
            <surname>Mahadevan</surname>
            <given-names>G.</given-names>
          </name>
          <aff>Department of Mathematics, The Gandhigram Rural Institute (Deemed to be University), Gandhigram, Tamil Nadu, 624302, India</aff>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Priya</surname>
            <given-names>K.</given-names>
          </name>
          <aff>Department of Mathematics, The Gandhigram Rural Institute (Deemed to be University), Gandhigram, Tamil Nadu, 624302, India</aff>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Sivagnanam</surname>
            <given-names>C.</given-names>
          </name>
          <aff>Department of Mathematics, University of Technology and Applied Sciences, Sur, Sultanate of Oman</aff>
        </contrib>
      </contrib-group>
      <volume>29</volume>
      <issue>7</issue>
      <fpage>2699</fpage>
      <lpage>2709</lpage>
      <pub-date date-type="pub">
        <day>21</day>
        <month>07</month>
        <year>2026</year>
      </pub-date>
      <abstract>
        <p>The concept of the CTATD number has been recently further developed, expanding on the original work by Mahadevan, Priya, and Sivagnanam [4]. A subset S ⊆ V is considered a CTATD set for a graph G if for each vertex v ∈ V – S, the intersection of v’s neighborhood with S contains between one and two vertices, and for any set of three vertices in , they must be connected along a path. The smallest size of such a CTATD set is referred to as CTATD(G). This paper specifically focuses on analyzing the CTATD number for various types of graphs, including DLl, O(DLl), TLl, O(TLl), SLl, CLl, MLl, providing explicit values for their CTATD numbers instead of just their bounds.</p>
      </abstract>
      <kwd-group>
        <kwd>Ladder graphs</kwd>
        <kwd>Triple connected</kwd>
        <kwd>Power graphs</kwd>
        <kwd>[1</kwd>
        <kwd>2] dominating set</kwd>
      </kwd-group>
      <custom-meta-group>
        <custom-meta>
          <meta-name>access</meta-name>
          <meta-value>open</meta-value>
        </custom-meta>
        <custom-meta>
          <meta-name>retracted</meta-name>
          <meta-value>no</meta-value>
        </custom-meta>
      </custom-meta-group>
    </article-meta>
  </front>
</article>
