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<article article-type="Research Article">
  <front>
    <journal-meta>
      <journal-id journal-id-type="publisher">journal-of-discrete-mathematical-sciences-and-cryptography</journal-id>
      <journal-title-group>
        <journal-title>Journal of Discrete Mathematical Sciences and Cryptography</journal-title>
      </journal-title-group>
      <issn publication-format="electronic">2169-0065</issn>
      <issn publication-format="print">0972-0529</issn>
      <publisher>
        <publisher-name>Taru Publications</publisher-name>
      </publisher>
    </journal-meta>
    <article-meta>
      <article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.47974/JDMSC-2540</article-id>
      <title-group>
        <article-title>Geometric and algebraic machine learning methods in computer graphics and vision systems</article-title>
      </title-group>
      <contrib-group>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Rani</surname>
            <given-names>Meena</given-names>
          </name>
          <aff>Department of Computer Science &amp; Engineering, Chitkara University Institute of Engineering and Technology, Chitkara University, Rajpura, Punjab, 140401, India</aff>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes">
          <name>
            <surname>Kaur</surname>
            <given-names>Tarandeep</given-names>
          </name>
          <aff>School of Computer Applications, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab, 144411, India</aff>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Sarkar</surname>
            <given-names>Paramita</given-names>
          </name>
          <aff>Department of Computer Science &amp; Engineering, JIS University, Kolkata, West Bengal, 700109, India</aff>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Kantipudi</surname>
            <given-names>MVV Prasad</given-names>
          </name>
          <aff>Department of Electronics and Telecommunication, Pune Campus, Symbiosis International (Deemed University), Symbiosis Institute of Technology, Pune, Maharashtra, 412115, India</aff>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Gupta</surname>
            <given-names>Priyanka</given-names>
          </name>
          <aff>Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Chitkara University, Rajpura, Punjab, 140401, India</aff>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Patibandla</surname>
            <given-names>R. S. M. Lakshmi</given-names>
          </name>
          <aff>Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Koneru Lakshmaiah Education Foundation, Guntur, Andhra Pradesh, 522001, India</aff>
        </contrib>
      </contrib-group>
      <volume>29</volume>
      <issue>2-B</issue>
      <fpage>895</fpage>
      <lpage>904</lpage>
      <pub-date date-type="pub">
        <day>12</day>
        <month>02</month>
        <year>2026</year>
      </pub-date>
      <abstract>
        <p>Computer vision and image processing are the subjects of this study, which investigates geometric and algebraic machine learning. Our ability to extract features and add data is facilitated by the use of vector measure spaces, manifolds, and algebraic structures such as groups and tensors. For the purpose of stabilizing and agreeing models, our technique makes use of orthogonal sets and sequences. Improvements in representations derived from high-dimensional visual input can be achieved by the application of techniques that combine geometric sensibility and mathematical rigour. The results of trials indicate that these tactics are effective in improving computer vision tasks such as object recognition and three-dimensional form analysis. </p>
      </abstract>
      <kwd-group>
        <kwd>Geometric machine learning</kwd>
        <kwd>Algebraic structures</kwd>
        <kwd>Feature extraction</kwd>
        <kwd>Orthogonal sequences</kwd>
        <kwd>Data embedding</kwd>
      </kwd-group>
      <custom-meta-group>
        <custom-meta>
          <meta-name>access</meta-name>
          <meta-value>open</meta-value>
        </custom-meta>
        <custom-meta>
          <meta-name>retracted</meta-name>
          <meta-value>no</meta-value>
        </custom-meta>
      </custom-meta-group>
    </article-meta>
  </front>
</article>
