RSA has long been trusted for secure digital communication, but increasing threats and advances, such as AI and quantum technology, expose vulnerabilities. This paper reexamines RSA’s current weaknesses and proposes strengthening it with machine learning and trigonometric functions. Machine learning detects vulnerabilities through pattern recognition, while trigonometric functions add unpredictability in encryption. We detail this method, compare it to classical RSA, and discuss its future impact on digital security. It’s about rethinking trust and blending old and new ideas to protect information.