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<article article-type="Research Article">
  <front>
    <journal-meta>
      <journal-id journal-id-type="publisher">journal-of-discrete-mathematical-sciences-and-cryptography</journal-id>
      <journal-title-group>
        <journal-title>Journal of Discrete Mathematical Sciences and Cryptography</journal-title>
      </journal-title-group>
      <issn publication-format="electronic">2169-0065</issn>
      <issn publication-format="print">0972-0529</issn>
      <publisher>
        <publisher-name>Taru Publications</publisher-name>
      </publisher>
    </journal-meta>
    <article-meta>
      <article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.47974/JDMSC-3024</article-id>
      <title-group>
        <article-title>Hamiltonicity conditions in random graph models</article-title>
      </title-group>
      <contrib-group>
        <contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes">
          <name>
            <surname>Gayathri</surname>
            <given-names>S.</given-names>
          </name>
          <aff>Department of Humanities and Sciences (Mathematics Division), Aarupadai Veedu Institute of Technology, Vinayaka Mission’s Research Foundation (Deemed to be University), Paiyanoor, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, 603104, India</aff>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Desai</surname>
            <given-names>Latika Rahul</given-names>
          </name>
          <aff>Department of Information Technology, Akurdi, D. Y. Patil College of Engineering, Akurdi, Pune, Maharashtra, 411044, India</aff>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Vamalatha</surname>
            <given-names>Bodireddy</given-names>
          </name>
          <aff>Centre for Multidisciplinary Research, Anurag University, Hyderabad, Telangana, 500088, India</aff>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Sharma</surname>
            <given-names>Himanshu</given-names>
          </name>
          <aff>Department of Computer Engineering &amp; Applications, GLA University, Mathura, Uttar Pradesh, 281406, India</aff>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Venkata</surname>
            <given-names>Manjula Devarakonda</given-names>
          </name>
          <aff>Department of Computer Science &amp; Engineering, Pragati Engineering College, Surampalem, Kakinada District, Andhra Pradesh, 533437, India</aff>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Jagga</surname>
            <given-names>Megha</given-names>
          </name>
          <aff>Centre of Research Impact and Outcome, Chitkara University, Rajpura, Punjab, 140417, India</aff>
        </contrib>
      </contrib-group>
      <volume>29</volume>
      <issue>10-A</issue>
      <fpage>3973</fpage>
      <lpage>3983</lpage>
      <pub-date date-type="pub">
        <day>31</day>
        <month>10</month>
        <year>2026</year>
      </pub-date>
      <abstract>
        <p>Hamiltonicity of random graphs Probabilistic combinatorics: Hamiltonicity is a focal point of probabilistic combinatorics, the cross-relationship between structural graph phenomena and threshold phenomena. In this paper, the authors examine the appearance of Hamilton cycles in classical random graph models, especially, ErdosRenyi random graph G(n,p) and G(n,m). We consider probabilistic scenarios in which Hamiltonicity is a high probability phenomenon, focusing on sharp thresholding as the edge probability p is changed. The paper combines the theoretical limits with algorithmic methods of finding Hamiltonian cycles, such as randomized and greedy heuristics. The performance analysis is performed in different p regimes and transition periods between disconnected to Hamiltonian graphs are observed. Findings show that Hamiltonicity appears around p = (logn)/n, which agrees with the classical findings. Findings give the insights into the structural changes and algorithm feasibility, which can be used in theoretical knowledge and practical use in network design and reliability analysis.</p>
      </abstract>
      <kwd-group>
        <kwd>Hamiltonian cycle</kwd>
        <kwd>Random graphs</kwd>
        <kwd>Erdős–Rényi model</kwd>
        <kwd>Threshold phenomenon</kwd>
        <kwd>Probabilistic analysis</kwd>
        <kwd>Graph algorithms</kwd>
      </kwd-group>
      <custom-meta-group>
        <custom-meta>
          <meta-name>access</meta-name>
          <meta-value>open</meta-value>
        </custom-meta>
        <custom-meta>
          <meta-name>retracted</meta-name>
          <meta-value>no</meta-value>
        </custom-meta>
      </custom-meta-group>
    </article-meta>
  </front>
</article>
