<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<article article-type="Research Article">
  <front>
    <journal-meta>
      <journal-id journal-id-type="publisher">journal-of-discrete-mathematical-sciences-and-cryptography</journal-id>
      <journal-title-group>
        <journal-title>Journal of Discrete Mathematical Sciences and Cryptography</journal-title>
      </journal-title-group>
      <issn publication-format="electronic">2169-0065</issn>
      <issn publication-format="print">0972-0529</issn>
      <publisher>
        <publisher-name>Taru Publications</publisher-name>
      </publisher>
    </journal-meta>
    <article-meta>
      <article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.47974/JDMSC-3006</article-id>
      <title-group>
        <article-title>Code-based signature schemes for long-term archival documents</article-title>
      </title-group>
      <contrib-group>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Rohini</surname>
            <given-names>Kasturi</given-names>
          </name>
          <aff>Centre for Multidisciplinary Research, Anurag University, Hyderabad, Telangana, 500088, India</aff>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes">
          <name>
            <surname>Rajput</surname>
            <given-names>Chetanaba G.</given-names>
          </name>
          <aff>Faculty of Arts, Humanities and Social Science, Gokul Global University, Sidhpur, Gujarat, 384151, India</aff>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Verghese</surname>
            <given-names>Manoj</given-names>
          </name>
          <aff>Department of Computer Science &amp; Engineering, Rungta College of Engineering &amp; Technology, Rungta International Skills University, Bhilai, Chhattisgarh, 490024, India</aff>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Singh</surname>
            <given-names>Manpreet</given-names>
          </name>
          <aff>Centre for Research Impact &amp; Outcome, Chitkara University Institute of Engineering and Technology, Chitkara University, Rajpura, Punjab, 140417, India</aff>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Goyal </surname>
            <given-names>Saumya</given-names>
          </name>
          <aff>Quantum University Research Center, Quantum University, Roorkee, Uttarakhand, 247667, India</aff>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Purohit</surname>
            <given-names>Shardha</given-names>
          </name>
          <aff>School of Journalism and Mass Communication, Noida International University, Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh, 203201, India</aff>
        </contrib>
      </contrib-group>
      <volume>29</volume>
      <issue>10-A</issue>
      <fpage>3751</fpage>
      <lpage>3763</lpage>
      <pub-date date-type="pub">
        <day>31</day>
        <month>10</month>
        <year>2026</year>
      </pub-date>
      <abstract>
        <p>The role of code-based signature schemes is increasingly significant in long-term archival documents, in which the traditional cryptographic systems would be threatened with becoming obsolete because of post-quantum effects. The susceptibility of the current digital signatures such as RSA and ECC to quantum attacks and to long term exposure to key render the solutions to quantum attacks and long term exposure a burning issue. A powerful structure of archival signature is implied in this work with the assistance of code-based cryptography that is, applying the McEliece cryptosystem and its signature scheme CFS signature scheme. The scheme is based on a combination of both structured Goppa codes, hash-and-sign schemes and error correcting decoding schemes to offer high unforgeability and durability. Experimental results demonstrate that signature verification rates are 95.7%, integrity preservation is 97.1% and resistance is 94.4% better in terms of accuracy than quantum inspired attacks and lattice-based schemes and is 16.6 times more resilient in the archives as compared to RSA and lattice-based schemes. Some of the parameters that are compared are key size, signing latency and forgery resistance. The proposed framework introduces a scaleable, quantum resilient system to the verifiable, secure and long term document preservation systems.</p>
      </abstract>
      <kwd-group>
        <kwd>Code-based cryptography</kwd>
        <kwd>McEliece cryptosystem</kwd>
        <kwd>CFS signature scheme</kwd>
        <kwd>Post-quantum cryptography</kwd>
        <kwd>Binary Goppa codes</kwd>
        <kwd>Long-term archival security</kwd>
        <kwd>Quantum-resilient digital signatures</kwd>
      </kwd-group>
      <custom-meta-group>
        <custom-meta>
          <meta-name>access</meta-name>
          <meta-value>open</meta-value>
        </custom-meta>
        <custom-meta>
          <meta-name>retracted</meta-name>
          <meta-value>no</meta-value>
        </custom-meta>
      </custom-meta-group>
    </article-meta>
  </front>
</article>
