<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<article article-type="Original Articles">
  <front>
    <journal-meta>
      <journal-id journal-id-type="publisher">journal-of-discrete-mathematical-sciences-and-cryptography</journal-id>
      <journal-title-group>
        <journal-title>Journal of Discrete Mathematical Sciences and Cryptography</journal-title>
      </journal-title-group>
      <issn publication-format="electronic">2169-0065</issn>
      <issn publication-format="print">0972-0529</issn>
      <publisher>
        <publisher-name>Taru Publications</publisher-name>
      </publisher>
    </journal-meta>
    <article-meta>
      <article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.47974/JDMSC-2437</article-id>
      <title-group>
        <article-title>Secure vein biometrics authentication based on multimodal artificial template and cryptographic salts</article-title>
      </title-group>
      <contrib-group>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Khandelwal</surname>
            <given-names>Sarika</given-names>
          </name>
          <aff>Department of Computer Science and Engineering, G H Raisoni College of Engineering, Nagpur, Maharashtra, 440016, India</aff>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Rami</surname>
            <given-names>Khyati</given-names>
          </name>
          <aff>SAL Institute of Technology and Engineering Research, Gujarat Technological University, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, 380060, India</aff>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Vyawahare</surname>
            <given-names>Harsha</given-names>
          </name>
          <aff>Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Sipna College of Engineering &amp; Technology, Amravati, Maharashtra, 444701, India</aff>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Gahlot</surname>
            <given-names>Alok Singh</given-names>
          </name>
          <aff>Department of Computer Science and Engineering, MBM University, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, 342011, India</aff>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Vyas</surname>
            <given-names>Ruchi</given-names>
          </name>
          <aff>Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Geetanjali Institute of Technical Studies, Udaipur, Rajasthan, 313022, India</aff>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes">
          <name>
            <surname>Kumawat</surname>
            <given-names>Gaurav</given-names>
          </name>
          <aff>Department of Data Science and Engineering, Manipal University Jaipur, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India</aff>
        </contrib>
      </contrib-group>
      <volume>28</volume>
      <issue>8</issue>
      <fpage>2915</fpage>
      <lpage>2931</lpage>
      <pub-date date-type="pub">
        <day>08</day>
        <month>12</month>
        <year>2025</year>
      </pub-date>
      <abstract>
        <p>Hidden biometrics, due to their resistance to duplication and hacking, offer superior security. This work utilizes vein biometrics for their hidden nature, specifically combining palm and finger vein data to enhance security. One key challenge in biometric systems is protecting the stored template, which cannot be revoked or reissued once compromised. We propose a method that merges two vein templates using user-specific scaling and rotation, creating an artificial, irreversible template. Even if the template is stolen, altering the user’s secret information regenerates a different template, protecting the original data. Personal Image Identification (PII) adds another user-specific layer of security. The approach employs salt cryptography to ensure simplicity and irreversibility, without storing the original template. Compared to existing methods, our technique offers equivalent accuracy with higher resistance to attacks and lower computational complexity.</p>
      </abstract>
      <kwd-group>
        <kwd>Artificial multimodal yemplate</kwd>
        <kwd>Cryptographic salts</kwd>
        <kwd>PII (Personal image identification)</kwd>
      </kwd-group>
      <custom-meta-group>
        <custom-meta>
          <meta-name>access</meta-name>
          <meta-value>open</meta-value>
        </custom-meta>
        <custom-meta>
          <meta-name>retracted</meta-name>
          <meta-value>no</meta-value>
        </custom-meta>
      </custom-meta-group>
    </article-meta>
  </front>
</article>
