Voice over Internet Protocol (VoIP) technology facilitates voice communication over IP networks, offering a more affordable and adaptable alternative to traditional phone systems. However, VoIP comes with substantial cybersecurity risks, including threats like eavesdropping, denial of service (DoS) attacks, man-in-the-middle attacks, spoofing, and fraud. As VoIP becomes increasingly prevalent in both personal and business contexts, securing these systems is paramount. This paper examines the vulnerabilities associated with VoIP, outlines common attack vectors, and discusses security strategies such as encryption, authentication protocols, firewalls, and intrusion detection systems aimed at mitigating these risks. The study concludes by offering recommendations for enhancing VoIP security through a combination of advanced technology and best practices.