This paper focuses on the importance of secure cryptographic principles in the modern and future 5G, but also in the emerging 6G networks. As the connectivity and the rate of data transmission rise, the protection of data in transmission becomes a major issue. The paper looks at today’s cryptographic practices, assesses their shortcomings, and develops a set of enhanced cryptographic solutions targeted at the conditions of 5G and 6G networks. All the approaches are described in detail at the methodological, algorithm, and implementation level, as well as the overall assessment of the results in terms of efficiency and security. Thus, the results prove enhancements in data accuracy, verification, and overall network protection, which pave the way for further studies on this important subject.