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<article article-type="Research Article">
  <front>
    <journal-meta>
      <journal-id journal-id-type="publisher">journal-of-discrete-mathematical-sciences-and-cryptography</journal-id>
      <journal-title-group>
        <journal-title>Journal of Discrete Mathematical Sciences and Cryptography</journal-title>
      </journal-title-group>
      <issn publication-format="electronic">2169-0065</issn>
      <issn publication-format="print">0972-0529</issn>
      <publisher>
        <publisher-name>Taru Publications</publisher-name>
      </publisher>
    </journal-meta>
    <article-meta>
      <article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.47974/JDMSC-1860</article-id>
      <title-group>
        <article-title>sup-Hesitant fuzzy ideals and bi-ideals of semigroups</article-title>
      </title-group>
      <contrib-group>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Julatha</surname>
            <given-names>Pongpun</given-names>
          </name>
          <aff>Department of Mathematics, Faculty of Science and Technology, Pibulsongkram Rajabhat University, Phitsanulok, 65000, Thailand</aff>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Gaketem</surname>
            <given-names>Thiti</given-names>
          </name>
          <aff>Department of Mathematics, School of Science, Mae Ka, Mueang, University of Phayao, Phayao, 56000, Thailand</aff>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Khamrot</surname>
            <given-names>Pannawit</given-names>
          </name>
          <aff>Faculty of Science and Agricultural Technology, Rajamangala University of Technology Lanna Phitsanulok, Phitsanulok, 65000, Thailand</aff>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Chinram</surname>
            <given-names>Ronnason</given-names>
          </name>
          <aff>Division of Computational Science, Faculty of Science, Hat Yai, Prince of Songkla University, Songkhla, 90110, Thailand</aff>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes">
          <name>
            <surname>Iampan</surname>
            <given-names>Aiyared</given-names>
          </name>
          <aff>Department of Mathematics, School of Science, Mae Ka, Mueang, University of Phayao, Phayao, 56000, Thailand</aff>
        </contrib>
      </contrib-group>
      <fpage>1</fpage>
      <lpage>36</lpage>
      <pub-date date-type="pub">
        <day>12</day>
        <month>05</month>
        <year>2026</year>
      </pub-date>
      <abstract>
        <p>As a generalization of the concept of an interval-valued fuzzy bi-ideal (respectively, subsemigroup, generalized bi-ideal, left ideal, right ideal) of a semigroup, the concept of a sup-hesitant fuzzy bi-ideal (respectively, subsemigroup, generalized bi-ideal, left ideal, right ideal) is introduced, investigated some properties and discussed the generalizations of these hesitant fuzzy sets. We characterize  sup-hesitant fuzzy subsemigroups, sup-hesitant fuzzy left (right) ideals, sup-hesitant fuzzy  (generalized) bi-ideals and  sup-hesitant fuzzy (interior) ideals in terms of level sets,  fuzzy sets, Pythagorean fuzzy sets,  interval-valued fuzzy sets, cubic sets,  hesitant fuzzy sets and hybrid sets. Moreover, subsemigroups, (generalized) bi-ideals, and left (right) ideals of semigroups are characterized by sup-types of hesitant fuzzy sets.</p>
      </abstract>
      <kwd-group>
        <kwd>sup-hesitant fuzzy ideal</kwd>
        <kwd>sup-hesitant fuzzy bi-ideal</kwd>
        <kwd>Pythagorean fuzzy ideal</kwd>
        <kwd>Interval-valued fuzzy ideal</kwd>
        <kwd>Hesitant fuzzy ideal</kwd>
        <kwd>Cubic ideal</kwd>
        <kwd>Hybrid ideal</kwd>
      </kwd-group>
      <custom-meta-group>
        <custom-meta>
          <meta-name>access</meta-name>
          <meta-value>open</meta-value>
        </custom-meta>
        <custom-meta>
          <meta-name>retracted</meta-name>
          <meta-value>no</meta-value>
        </custom-meta>
      </custom-meta-group>
    </article-meta>
  </front>
</article>
