<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<article article-type="Research Article">
  <front>
    <journal-meta>
      <journal-id journal-id-type="publisher">journal-of-discrete-mathematical-sciences-and-cryptography</journal-id>
      <journal-title-group>
        <journal-title>Journal of Discrete Mathematical Sciences and Cryptography</journal-title>
      </journal-title-group>
      <issn publication-format="electronic">2169-0065</issn>
      <issn publication-format="print">0972-0529</issn>
      <publisher>
        <publisher-name>Taru Publications</publisher-name>
      </publisher>
    </journal-meta>
    <article-meta>
      <article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.47974/JDMSC-2601</article-id>
      <title-group>
        <article-title>Euler Sombor energy of a graph</article-title>
      </title-group>
      <contrib-group>
        <contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes">
          <name>
            <surname>Movahedi</surname>
            <given-names>Fateme</given-names>
          </name>
          <aff>Department of Mathematics, Faculty of Sciences, Golestan University, Gorgan, 4913815759, Iran</aff>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Akhbari</surname>
            <given-names>Mohammad Hadi</given-names>
          </name>
          <aff>Department of Mathematics, Es.C., Islamic Azad University, Estahban, 7451864756, Iran</aff>
        </contrib>
      </contrib-group>
      <fpage>1</fpage>
      <lpage>13</lpage>
      <pub-date date-type="pub">
        <day>12</day>
        <month>05</month>
        <year>2026</year>
      </pub-date>
      <abstract>
        <p>This paper defines and calculates the Euler Sombor energy of a graph by summing the absolute values of the eigenvalues derived from its Euler Sombor matrix. This matrix, constructed based on vertex degrees, is linked to the Euler Sombor index. We establish mathematical properties for the Euler Sombor energy. Furthermore, we obtain bounds for this energy measure in graphs. Our analysis connects this new energy measure to other graph invariants, providing a comprehensive understanding of its characteristics and implications within the context of graph theory.</p>
      </abstract>
      <kwd-group>
        <kwd>Euler Sombor index</kwd>
        <kwd>Euler Sombor energy</kwd>
        <kwd>Eigenvalue</kwd>
        <kwd>Vertex degree-based matrix</kwd>
      </kwd-group>
      <custom-meta-group>
        <custom-meta>
          <meta-name>access</meta-name>
          <meta-value>open</meta-value>
        </custom-meta>
        <custom-meta>
          <meta-name>retracted</meta-name>
          <meta-value>no</meta-value>
        </custom-meta>
      </custom-meta-group>
    </article-meta>
  </front>
</article>
